03Chapter

03Heading

63Subheading

90CN

90TARIC

Other

LIVE ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS > FISH AND CRUSTACEANS, MOLLUSCS AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES > Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading|0304 > Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae, excluding edible fish offal of subheadings 0303|91|to 0303|99 > Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) > Of the species Gadus macrocephalus > Other

Origin

EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006

0.000 %-12.0 pp

CARIFORUM1033

0.000 %-12.0 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA

Eastern and Southern Africa States1034

0.000 %-12.0 ppESA Interim EPA

SADC EPA1035

0.000 %-12.0 ppSADC EPA

Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000

0.000 %-12.0 pp

GSP-EBA2005

0.000 %-12.0 ppEverything But Arms

European Economic Area2012

0.000 %-12.0 ppEEA Agreement

GSP+2027

0.000 %-12.0 ppGSP+ Enhanced Arrangement

Hierarchy

01Section I — LIVE ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS

0300000000FISH AND CRUSTACEANS, MOLLUSCS AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES

0303000000Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading|0304

0303630000Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae, excluding edible fish offal of subheadings 0303|91|to 0303|99

0303630000Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus)

0303639000Of the species Gadus macrocephalus

0303639010For processing

0303639090Other

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty12.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

12.000 %

Preferential rates(52)

+42

Preferential rates - 52 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-12.0 pp	-12.0 pp	—	1
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-12.0 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-12.0 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-12.0 ppESA Interim EPA	-12.0 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-12.0 ppSADC EPA	-12.0 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-12.0 pp	-12.0 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-12.0 ppEverything But Arms	-12.0 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-12.0 ppEEA Agreement	-12.0 pp	EEA Agreement	1
GSP+2027 0.000 %-12.0 ppGSP+ Enhanced Arrangement	-12.0 pp	GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 0300000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Preferential suspension(2)

inherited from 0303000000

0.000 %Regulation 1140/042012-01-01

IUU fishing control(2)

inherited from 0303630000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1005/082026-01-10

Except:CM(Cameroon)VC(St. Vincent & Grenadines)KH(Cambodia)KM(Comoros)TT(Trinidad & Tobago)

2 certificate(s) required

C673Other certificates

Importer Declaration or Re-export Certificate, as foreseen in Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1005/2008 or Annex IV of Regulation (EC) 1010/2009

Y927Particular provisions

The declared goods are not concerned by Council Regulation (EC) No. 1005/2008

Import/export not allowed after control

CD590Fishery products, with the exception of - aquaculture products obtained from fry and larvae; - live ornamental fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates; - freshwater fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates; - oysters, scallops, mussels, clams, cockles and ark shells, jellyfish; - livers, roes, milt, fish fins (with exception to fins of fish of the class Chondrichthyes), heads, tails, maws and other edible fish offal; - snails, other than sea snails; - caviar substitutes shall be imported into the Union only upon submission of the valid IM-importer declaration from the CATCH as foreseen in Box 11 of the Catch certificate shall, where appropriate, be exported from the Union upon submission of the valid Catch Certificate/Simplified Catch Certificate/Re-export Certificate from the CATCH or in paper document as foreseen in Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1005/2008 or Annex IV of Regulation (EC)1010/2009. The detailed list of fishery products excluded from these requirements is provided by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1479.

IUU fishing non-cooperating3000

Regulation 1005/082013-12-11

1 certificate(s) required

Y927Particular provisions

The declared goods are not concerned by Council Regulation (EC) No. 1005/2008

Import/export not allowed after control

CD669Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, Cameroon, The Kingdom of Cambodia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the Union of the Comoros are considered by the European Commission as non-cooperating third countries in fighting illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. In accordance with Article 38 (1) and (5) of the Council Regulation (EC) No 1005/2008 (OJ L 286), the importation of fishery products caught by fishing vessels flying the flag of non-cooperating countries as well as the exportation to such countries is prohibited. The detailed list of fishery products excluded from this prohibition is provided by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1479.

Import control(2)

inherited from 0300000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 0300000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:IS(Iceland)NO(Norway)LI(Liechtenstein)CH(Switzerland)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD808If goods bear a reference to organic production in the labelling, advertising material or accompanying documents of products, the declarant must submit a certificate of inspection (C644) at import in accordance with Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (release for free circulation). For products not covered by Regulation (EU) 2018/848, certificate Y929 has to be declared. These provisions shall apply in addition to the rules regarding the use of the Common Health Entry Document (CHED) by the competent authorities at border control posts in accordance with Article 56(3), point (b)(i), of Regulation (EU) 2017/625 and at control points in accordance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2123 and with the rules on decisions on consignments laid down in Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2017/625.

Import prohibition(1)

inherited from 0300000000

North Korea

—Regulation 1548/172017-09-16

TM757Goods from the Annex XIa of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509 (Seafood)

Veterinary control(2)

inherited from 0303000000

All third countries

Regulation 0632/212024-08-01

Except:FO(Faroe Islands)SM(San Marino)CH(Switzerland)LI(Liechtenstein)IS(Iceland)AD(Andorra)NO(Norway)GL(Greenland)

20 certificate(s) required

N853UN/EDIFACT certificate

Common Health Entry Document for Products (CHED-P) (as set out in Part 2, Section B of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))

Y058Particular provisions

Exemption by virtue of Article 7 of Commission Delegated Regulation 2019/2122 (Goods which form part of passengers' personal luggage and are intended for personal consumption or use) or Article 10 (small consignments of goods sent to natural persons which are not intended to be placed on the market) of Commission Delegated Regulation 2019/2122

Y170Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Andorra, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y171Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Switzerland, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y172Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Faroe Islands, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y173Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Greenland, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y174Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Iceland, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y175Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Liechtenstein, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y176Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Norway, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y177Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from San Marino, according to the relevant EU legislation.

C084Other certificates

Exemption by virtue of Articles 3 and 4 of regulation 2019/2122 (animals intended for scientific purposes, research and diagnostic samples, and samples for product analysis and quality testing).

N853UN/EDIFACT certificate

Common Health Entry Document for Products (CHED-P) (as set out in Part 2, Section B of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))

Y170Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Andorra, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y171Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Switzerland, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y172Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Faroe Islands, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y173Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Greenland, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y175Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Liechtenstein, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y176Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from Norway, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Y177Particular provisions

Goods with third country origin coming from San Marino, according to the relevant EU legislation.

C084Other certificates

Exemption by virtue of Articles 3 and 4 of regulation 2019/2122 (animals intended for scientific purposes, research and diagnostic samples, and samples for product analysis and quality testing).

Import/export not allowed after control

CD624The import of the products of animal origin is subject to the presentation of a Common Health Entry Document for products of animal origin (CHED–P) in accordance with the conditions laid down in article 40 of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 of 30 September 2019 laying down rules for the functioning of the information management system for official controls and its system components (‘the IMSOC Regulation’).

CD686Small consignments of goods (sent to natural persons which are not intended to be placed on the market) or goods, which form part of passengers’ personal luggage (intended for personal consumption or use) shall not be subjected to Official controls, by virtue of Articles 10 and 7 of Commission delegated regulation 2019/2122.

CD737Articles 3 and 4 of the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2122 establishes that some “animals intended for scientific purposes” and all the “research and diagnostic samples”, if authorised by the competent authority of the Member State of destination, shall be exempted from official controls at border control posts.

European Union

Regulation 0632/212023-11-14

23 certificate(s) required

N853UN/EDIFACT certificate

Common Health Entry Document for Products (CHED-P) (as set out in Part 2, Section B of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))

Y058Particular provisions

Y072Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Andorra, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y073Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Switzerland, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y074Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from the Faroe Islands, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y075Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Greenland, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y076Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Iceland, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y077Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Lichtenstein, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y078Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Norway, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y079Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from San Marino, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y151Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin coming from outermost regions, according to the relevant EU legislation

C084Other certificates

Exemption by virtue of Articles 3 and 4 of regulation 2019/2122 (animals intended for scientific purposes, research and diagnostic samples, and samples for product analysis and quality testing).

N853UN/EDIFACT certificate

Common Health Entry Document for Products (CHED-P) (as set out in Part 2, Section B of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))

Y072Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Andorra, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y073Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Switzerland, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y074Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from the Faroe Islands, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y075Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Greenland, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y076Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Iceland, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y077Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Lichtenstein, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y078Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from Norway, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y079Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin returning from San Marino, according to the relevant EU legislation

Y151Particular provisions

Goods with EU origin coming from outermost regions, according to the relevant EU legislation

C084Other certificates

Exemption by virtue of Articles 3 and 4 of regulation 2019/2122 (animals intended for scientific purposes, research and diagnostic samples, and samples for product analysis and quality testing).

Import/export not allowed after control

CD644Derogations to the presentation of a Common Veterinary Entry Document apply to goods with EU origin returning from certain third countries, according to the relevant EU legislation.

Start date: 2012-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

0303639010: for processing

Classification tips

not described as for processing

Sample products

Frozen Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), wholeFrozen Gadus macrocephalus, excluding fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304

CJEU Case Law

C-56/08.

16 Jul 2009

Pärlitigu OÜ v Maksu- ja Tolliameti Põhja maksu- ja tollikeskus.

On those grounds, the Court (Fourth Chamber) hereby rules: The Combined Nomenclature, which constitutes Annex I to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1719/2005 of 27 October 2005, must be interpreted as meaning that frozen backbones of farmed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ), obtained after filleting the fish, must be classified under CN heading 0303 22 00 if the goods are fit for human consumption at the time that they are cleared through customs, which it is for the national court to ascertain. [Signatures] * Language of the case: Estonian.

Regulatory notes

NENC0303

Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304 The provisions of the explanatory notes to the subheadings of heading 0302 apply, mutatis mutandis, to the subheadings of this heading.

Chapter noteChapter 03 — Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

1. This chapter does not cover: (a) mammals of heading 0106; (b) meat of mammals of heading 0106 (heading 0208 or 0210); (c) fish (including livers, roes and milt thereof) or crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates, dead and unfit or unsuitable for human consumption by reason of either their species or their condition (Chapter 5); flours, meals or pellets of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates, unfit for human consumption (heading 2301); (d) caviar or caviar substitutes prepared from fish eggs (heading 1604). 2. The terms 'chilled' and 'frozen' in this chapter mean: 'chilled' — cooled to around 0°C without becoming frozen; 'frozen' — cooled below -18°C. 3. Heading 0305 covers fish, dried, salted or in brine; smoked fish, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process. It also covers flours, meals and pellets of fish, fit for human consumption.

Non-preferential origin

specific

Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304.

The origin of the goods of this heading shall be the country where the fish of this heading has been captured; or if farmed, the country where the fish has been raised from egg or fry (including fingerling).

specific

Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304.

Residual rule

1. For the purposes of this residual rule, "mixing" means the deliberate and proportionally controlled operation consisting in bringing together two or more fungible materials. 2. The origin of a mixture of products of this

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Other (0303639090)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Other is 12.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Other (0303639090)?

Yes, 51 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Other (0303639090)?

Yes, 3 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

What products are classified under code 0303639090?

TARIC code 0303639090 (Other) covers the following products: Frozen Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), whole, Frozen Gadus macrocephalus, excluding fillets and other fish meat of heading 0304.

How to correctly classify a product under code 0303639090?

not described as for processing

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇷🇺 Russia	€150.3M	30.6Mt	€4.90/kg	63.5%
2	🇺🇸 United States	€83.3M	16.5Mt	€5.05/kg	35.2%
3	🇳🇴 Norway	€1.3M	255Kt	€5.26/kg	0.6%
4	🇨🇳 China	€1.1M	241Kt	€4.38/kg	0.4%
5	🇸🇬 Singapore	€488K	94Kt	€5.21/kg	0.2%
6	🇬🇱 GL	€337K	54Kt	€6.20/kg	0.1%

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇧🇷 Brazil	€5.3M	462Kt	€11.46/kg	61.9%
2	🇦🇩 Andorra	€1.6M	176Kt	€8.93/kg	18.4%
3	🇫🇴 FO	€553K	117Kt	€4.75/kg	6.5%
4	🇨🇳 China	€464K	108Kt	€4.31/kg	5.4%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€389K	71Kt	€5.48/kg	4.6%
6	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€121K	11Kt	€11.42/kg	1.4%
7	🇺🇸 United States	€92K	8Kt	€12.32/kg	1.1%
8	🇲🇦 Morocco	€62K	3Kt	€20.42/kg	0.7%

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇷🇺 Russia	€150.3M	30.6Mt	€4.90/kg	63.5%
2	🇺🇸 United States	€83.3M	16.5Mt	€5.05/kg	35.2%
3	🇳🇴 Norway	€1.3M	255Kt	€5.26/kg	0.6%
4	🇨🇳 China	€1.1M	241Kt	€4.38/kg	0.4%
5	🇸🇬 Singapore	€488K	94Kt	€5.21/kg	0.2%
6	🇬🇱 GL	€337K	54Kt	€6.20/kg	0.1%

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇧🇷 Brazil	€5.3M	462Kt	€11.46/kg	61.9%
2	🇦🇩 Andorra	€1.6M	176Kt	€8.93/kg	18.4%
3	🇫🇴 FO	€553K	117Kt	€4.75/kg	6.5%
4	🇨🇳 China	€464K	108Kt	€4.31/kg	5.4%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€389K	71Kt	€5.48/kg	4.6%
6	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€121K	11Kt	€11.42/kg	1.4%
7	🇺🇸 United States	€92K	8Kt	€12.32/kg	1.1%
8	🇲🇦 Morocco	€62K	3Kt	€20.42/kg	0.7%

Other

Hierarchy

Duties & Measures

Description & Classification

Regulatory notes

Non-preferential origin

FAQ

Help

Need help?

Hierarchy

Duties & Measures

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

CJEU Case Law

Regulatory notes

Non-preferential origin

FAQ

Help

Need help?

CJEU Case Law

Trade Statistics

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Export markets

EU Member States

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Export markets

EU Member States