Hierarchy

2500000000SALT; SULPHUR; EARTHS AND STONE; PLASTERING MATERIALS, LIME AND CEMENT

2523000000Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers

2523100000Cement clinkers

2523210000Portland cement

2523210000White cement, whether or not artificially coloured 2523290000Other

2523300000Aluminous cement 2523900000Other hydraulic cements

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty1.700 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

1.700 %

Preferential rates(60)

+50

Preferential rates - 60 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-1.7 pp	-1.7 pp	—	1
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %-1.7 pp	-1.7 pp	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-1.7 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-1.7 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-1.7 ppESA Interim EPA	-1.7 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-1.7 ppSADC EPA	-1.7 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-1.7 pp	-1.7 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-1.7 ppEverything But Arms	-1.7 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-1.7 ppEEA Agreement	-1.7 pp	EEA Agreement	1

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism - CBAM(1)

All third countries

Regulation 0956/232026-01-01

Except:IS(Iceland)XL(XL)XC(XC)CH(Switzerland)LI(Liechtenstein)NO(Norway)

11 certificate(s) required

Y128Particular provisions

CBAM account number

Y134Particular provisions

Goods originating in Büsingen, Heligoland, or Livigno (Article 2.4 of Regulation (EU) 2023/956)

Y135Particular provisions

Goods to be moved or used in the context of military activities - Exemption by virtue Article 2.(3) of Regulation (EU) 2023/956

Y237Particular provisions

Goods of EU origin (CBAM)

Y238Particular provisions

Application to obtain the status of authorised CBAM declarant has been submitted until 31 March 2026

Y128Particular provisions

CBAM account number

Y134Particular provisions

Goods originating in Büsingen, Heligoland, or Livigno (Article 2.4 of Regulation (EU) 2023/956)

Y135Particular provisions

Goods to be moved or used in the context of military activities - Exemption by virtue Article 2.(3) of Regulation (EU) 2023/956

Y137Particular provisions

De minimis exemption - Exemption by virtue Article 2a. of Regulation (EU) 2023/956

Y237Particular provisions

Goods of EU origin (CBAM)

Y238Particular provisions

Application to obtain the status of authorised CBAM declarant has been submitted until 31 March 2026

Import/export not allowed after control

CD01023Article 2a of Regulation 2023/956: An importer, including any importer with the status of an authorised CBAM declarant, shall be exempted from the obligations under this Regulation, where the net mass of the imported goods in a given calendar year does not cumulatively exceed the single mass-based threshold laid down in point 1 of Annex VII (the “single mass-based threshold”). That threshold shall apply to the total net mass of goods under all CN codes aggregated per importer and per calendar year. In such a case, the importer, including an importer with the status of an authorised CBAM declarant, shall declare that exemption in the relevant customs declaration.

CD01024CBAM obligations do not apply to goods of EU origin, and in cases where non-CBAM goods of non-EU origin are processed together with EU-origin goods under the inward processing procedure, the resulting processed CBAM goods released for free circulation shall be excluded from CBAM obligations.

CD01025Article 17.7a. of Regulation 2023/956: By way of derogation from Article 4, where an importer or an indirect customs representative has submitted an application in accordance with Article 5 by 31 March 2026, such an importer or indirect customs representative may provisionally continue to import goods until the competent authority takes a decision under this Article.

TM967Regulation (EU) 2023/956 - Article 25: Without prejudice to Article 2a, the customs authorities shall not allow the importation of goods by any person other than an authorised CBAM declarant. This Regulation shall not apply to: - goods to be moved or used in the context of military activities pursuant to Article 1, point (49), of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446, - electricity generated on the continental shelf or in the exclusive economic zone of a Member State or of a country or territory listed in points 1 and 2 of Annex III; - hydrogen originating on the continental shelf or in the exclusive economic zone of a Member State or of a country or territory listed in point 1 of Annex III.’; - an importer, where the net mass of the imported goods in a given calendar year does not cumulatively exceed the single mass-based threshold laid down in point 1 of Annex VII (the “single mass-based threshold”). Regulation (EU) 2023/956 - Article 2.4 – Scope: Regulation (EU) 2023/956 shall not apply to goods originating in the third countries and territories listed in point 1 of Annex III.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 2500000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Import control(3)

inherited from 2523000000

Russia

Regulation 0833/142023-12-19

4 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Goods entered the territory of the customs union of the EU and presented to customs authorities prior to the entry into force or to applicability date of the present sanction, whichever is latest (see Article 12e of Regulation (EU) No 833/2014)

Import not allowed

CD868It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer, directly or indirectly, goods which generate significant revenues for Russia thereby enabling its actions destabilising the situation in Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXI into the Union if they originate in Russia or are exported from Russia. By way of derogation from paragraphs 1, the competent authorities may authorise the purchase, import or transfer of the goods listed in Annex XXI, or the provision of related technical and financial assistance, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that this is necessary for the establishment, operation, maintenance, fuel supply and retreatment and safety of civil nuclear capabilities, and the continuation of design, construction and commissioning required for the completion of civil nuclear facilities, the supply of precursor material for the production of medical radioisotopes and similar medical applications, or critical technology for environmental radiation monitoring, as well as for civil nuclear cooperation, in particular in the field of research and development. Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 - Article 3i (Council regulation (EU) 2022/576)

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -REACH(1)

inherited from 2523000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1907/062023-02-10

3 certificate(s) required

Y106Particular provisions

Compliance with the REACH restrictions defined in Column 2 of Annex XVII of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y110Particular provisions

Exemption from REACH restrictions by virtue of Article 67(1) and 67(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y113Particular provisions

Substance/mixture not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (Annex XVII)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD730A substance for which Annex XVII contains a restriction shall not be imported unless it complies with the conditions of that restriction. This shall not apply to the manufacture, placing on the market or use of a substance in scientific research and development. Annex XVII shall specify if the restriction shall not apply to product and process orientated research and development, as well as the maximum quantity exempted. The restrictions shall not apply to the use of substances in cosmetic products, as defined by Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products (repealing the Directive 76/768/EEC), with regard to restrictions addressing the risks to human health within the scope of that regulation. (Article 67 points 1 and 2 of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006).

CHM00023REACH - Annex XVII - Entry 23

Import prohibition(2)

inherited from 2523000000

Belarus

—Regulation 0355/222022-06-05

TM953It shall be prohibited: to import, directly or indirectly, cement products as listed in Annex XI into the Union if they: (i) originate in Belarus; or (ii) have been exported from Belarus COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 765/2006 - Article 1p.1

North Korea

—Regulation 0285/182018-02-28

TM885Goods from the Annex XIi of Regulation (EU) 2018/285 (Earth and stone)

Start date: 1972-01-01

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

2523290000: Portland cement not described as white cement, whether or not artificially coloured

Classification tips

white cement, whether or not artificially coloured

Sample products

White Portland cement, artificially coloured

Regulatory notes

NENC2523Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers

Chapter noteChapter 25 — Salt; Sulphur; Earths and stone; Plastering materials, lime and cement

1. Except where their context or Note 4 to this chapter otherwise requires, the headings of this chapter cover only products which are in the crude state or which have been washed (including by chemical substances to eliminate impurities without changing the structure of the product), crushed, ground, powdered, levigated, sifted, screened, concentrated by flotation, magnetic separation or other mechanical or physical processes (except crystallisation), but not products which have been roasted, calcined, obtained by mixing or subjected to processing beyond that mentioned in each heading. Products of this chapter may contain an added anti-dusting agent, provided that such addition does not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use. 2. This chapter does not cover: (a) sublimed sulphur, precipitated sulphur or colloidal sulphur (heading 2802); (b) earth colours containing 70% or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2O3 (heading 2821); (c) medicaments or other products of Chapter 30; (d) perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations (Chapter 33); (e) setts, curbstones or flagstones (heading 6801); mosaic cubes or the like (heading 6802); roofing, facing or damp-course slates (heading 6803); (f) precious or semi-precious stones (heading 7102 or 7103); (g) cultured crystals (other than optical elements) weighing not less than 2.5 g each, of sodium chloride or of magnesium oxide, of heading 3824; optical elements of sodium chloride or of magnesium oxide (heading 9001). 3. Any reference in heading 2517 to 'dolomite' includes 'sintered or calcined dolomite' (including tarred dolomite). 4. Heading 2530 applies, inter alia, to vermiculite, perlite and chlorites, unexpanded; earth colours, whether or not calcined or mixed together; natural micaceous iron oxides; meerschaum; amber; agglomerated meerschaum and agglomerated amber, in plates, rods, sticks or similar forms, not worked after moulding; jet; strontianite (whether or not calcined), other than strontium oxide; broken pieces of pottery, concrete or brick.

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers

CTH

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primary rules and the other

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Portland cement (2523210000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Portland cement is 1.700 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Portland cement (2523210000)?

Yes, 57 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Portland cement (2523210000)?

Yes, 4 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

What products are classified under code 2523210000?

TARIC code 2523210000 (Portland cement) covers the following products: White Portland cement, artificially coloured, White Portland cement.

How to correctly classify a product under code 2523210000?

white cement, whether or not artificially coloured

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Hierarchy

05Section V — MINERAL PRODUCTS

2500000000SALT; SULPHUR; EARTHS AND STONE; PLASTERING MATERIALS, LIME AND CEMENT

2523000000Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers

2523100000Cement clinkers

2523210000Portland cement

2523210000White cement, whether or not artificially coloured 2523290000Other

2523300000Aluminous cement 2523900000Other hydraulic cements

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty1.700 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

1.700 %

Preferential rates(60)

+50

Preferential rates - 60 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-1.7 pp	-1.7 pp	—	1
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %-1.7 pp	-1.7 pp	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-1.7 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-1.7 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-1.7 ppESA Interim EPA	-1.7 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-1.7 ppSADC EPA	-1.7 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-1.7 pp	-1.7 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-1.7 ppEverything But Arms	-1.7 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-1.7 ppEEA Agreement	-1.7 pp	EEA Agreement	1

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism - CBAM(1)

All third countries

Regulation 0956/232026-01-01

Except:IS(Iceland)XL(XL)XC(XC)CH(Switzerland)LI(Liechtenstein)NO(Norway)

11 certificate(s) required

Y128Particular provisions

CBAM account number

Y134Particular provisions

Goods originating in Büsingen, Heligoland, or Livigno (Article 2.4 of Regulation (EU) 2023/956)

Y135Particular provisions

Goods to be moved or used in the context of military activities - Exemption by virtue Article 2.(3) of Regulation (EU) 2023/956

Y237Particular provisions

Goods of EU origin (CBAM)

Y238Particular provisions

Application to obtain the status of authorised CBAM declarant has been submitted until 31 March 2026

Y128Particular provisions

CBAM account number

Y134Particular provisions

Goods originating in Büsingen, Heligoland, or Livigno (Article 2.4 of Regulation (EU) 2023/956)

Y135Particular provisions

Goods to be moved or used in the context of military activities - Exemption by virtue Article 2.(3) of Regulation (EU) 2023/956

Y137Particular provisions

De minimis exemption - Exemption by virtue Article 2a. of Regulation (EU) 2023/956

Y237Particular provisions

Goods of EU origin (CBAM)

Y238Particular provisions

Application to obtain the status of authorised CBAM declarant has been submitted until 31 March 2026

Import/export not allowed after control

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 2500000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Import control(3)

inherited from 2523000000

Russia

Regulation 0833/142023-12-19

4 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -REACH(1)

inherited from 2523000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1907/062023-02-10

3 certificate(s) required

Y106Particular provisions

Compliance with the REACH restrictions defined in Column 2 of Annex XVII of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y110Particular provisions

Exemption from REACH restrictions by virtue of Article 67(1) and 67(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y113Particular provisions

Substance/mixture not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (Annex XVII)

Import/export not allowed after control

CHM00023REACH - Annex XVII - Entry 23

Import prohibition(2)

inherited from 2523000000

Belarus

—Regulation 0355/222022-06-05

North Korea

—Regulation 0285/182018-02-28

TM885Goods from the Annex XIi of Regulation (EU) 2018/285 (Earth and stone)

Start date: 1972-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

2523290000: Portland cement not described as white cement, whether or not artificially coloured

Classification tips

white cement, whether or not artificially coloured

Sample products

White Portland cement, artificially coloured

Regulatory notes

NENC2523Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers

Chapter noteChapter 25 — Salt; Sulphur; Earths and stone; Plastering materials, lime and cement

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers

CTH

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primary rules and the other

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Portland cement (2523210000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Portland cement is 1.700 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Portland cement (2523210000)?

Yes, 57 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Portland cement (2523210000)?

Yes, 4 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

What products are classified under code 2523210000?

TARIC code 2523210000 (Portland cement) covers the following products: White Portland cement, artificially coloured, White Portland cement.

How to correctly classify a product under code 2523210000?

white cement, whether or not artificially coloured

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Synonyms

white Portland cement, white cement, artificially coloured white cement

Keywords

white Portland cement · white cement · artificially coloured white cement · Portland cement · white, whether or not artificially coloured

Section noteNotes to Section V — Mineral products

Section V has no Section Notes. The classification rules for mineral products are governed by the individual Chapter Notes of Chapters 25, 26 and 27. In particular, Chapter 25 Note 1 provides that, except where context otherwise requires, headings of that Chapter cover only products in the crude state or which have been washed, crushed, ground, powdered, levigated, sifted, screened, concentrated by flotation, magnetic separation or other mechanical or physical processes (except crystallisation), but not products which have been roasted, calcined, obtained by mixing or subjected to processing beyond that mentioned in each heading.

What are the non-preferential origin rules for Portland cement (2523210000)?

Non-preferential origin rules for Portland cement are defined in Annex 22-01 of the UCC Delegated Act. These rules determine the country of origin for MFN duty rates, trade policy measures, and origin marking.

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

€0

Import €/kg

€0.1292/kg

Export €/kg

€0.1631/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

3,829

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇹🇷 Turkey	€195.9M	1.6Bt	€0.1257/kg	55.9%
2	🇪🇬 Egypt	€82.5M	636.1Mt	€0.1297/kg	23.5%
3	🇹🇳 Tunisia	€30.5M	265.0Mt	€0.1151/kg	8.7%
4	🇩🇿 Algeria	€25.0M	200.8Mt	€0.1244/kg	7.1%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€16.5M	66.7Mt	€0.2480/kg	4.7%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇶🇿 QZ	€85.2M	411.6Mt	€0.2069/kg	61.8%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€23.3M	119.7Mt	€0.1948/kg	16.9%
3	🇮🇱 Israel	€15.2M	202.0Mt	€0.0754/kg	11.1%
4	🇲🇦 Morocco	€7.8M	65.8Mt	€0.1181/kg	5.6%
5	🇩🇴 DO	€6.3M	42.9Mt	€0.1469/kg	4.6%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

€0

Import €/kg

€0.1292/kg

Export €/kg

€0.1631/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

3,829

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇹🇷 Turkey	€195.9M	1.6Bt	€0.1257/kg	55.9%
2	🇪🇬 Egypt	€82.5M	636.1Mt	€0.1297/kg	23.5%
3	🇹🇳 Tunisia	€30.5M	265.0Mt	€0.1151/kg	8.7%
4	🇩🇿 Algeria	€25.0M	200.8Mt	€0.1244/kg	7.1%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€16.5M	66.7Mt	€0.2480/kg	4.7%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇶🇿 QZ	€85.2M	411.6Mt	€0.2069/kg	61.8%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€23.3M	119.7Mt	€0.1948/kg	16.9%
3	🇮🇱 Israel	€15.2M	202.0Mt	€0.0754/kg	11.1%
4	🇲🇦 Morocco	€7.8M	65.8Mt	€0.1181/kg	5.6%
5	🇩🇴 DO	€6.3M	42.9Mt	€0.1469/kg	4.6%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis