Hierarchy

06Section VI — PRODUCTS OF THE CHEMICAL OR ALLIED INDUSTRIES

3300000000ESSENTIAL OILS AND RESINOIDS; PERFUMERY, COSMETIC OR TOILET PREPARATIONS

3301000000Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes and absolutes; resinoids; extracted oleoresins; concentrates of essential oils in fats, in fixed oils, in waxes or the like, obtained by enfleurage or maceration; terpenic by-products of the deterpenation of essential oils; aqueous distillates and aqueous solutions of essential oils

3301240000Essential oils other than those of citrus fruit

3301290000Other

3301294200Other

3301294200Not deterpenated

3301294200Of rose

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty0.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

0.000 %

Preferential rates(46)

+36

Preferential rates - 46 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %	—	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	—	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	—	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	—	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	—	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %EEA Agreement	—	EEA Agreement	1
GSP Standard2020 0.000 %Generalised Scheme of Preferences	—	Generalised Scheme of Preferences

Additional duties(3)

inherited from 3301000000

ERGA OMNES

50.000 %1Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

Except:BY(Belarus)RU(Russia)

1 certificate(s) required

Y155Particular provisions50.000 %

Products exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or Belarus

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Belarus

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Russia

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 3300000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Import control(4)

inherited from 3301000000

Belarus

Regulation 0765/062025-02-25

4 certificate(s) required

Y727Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 3)

Y728Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 4)

L152Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 1ra paragraph 10 of Council Regulation (EU) 765/2006

Y870Particular provisions

Goods entered the territory of the customs union of the EU and presented to customs authorities prior to the entry into force or to applicability date of the present sanction, whichever is latest (see Article 8f of Regulation (EU) No 765/2006)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD925It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer into the Union, directly or indirectly, goods which allow Belarus to diversify its sources of revenue, thereby enabling its involvement in the Russian aggression against Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXVII, if they originate in Belarus or are exported from Belarus. Article 1ra - Regulation (EU) 765/2006 (COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) 2024/1865)

Russia

Regulation 0833/142023-12-19

4 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Import not allowed

CD875It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer, directly or indirectly, goods which generate significant revenues for Russia thereby enabling its actions destabilising the situation in Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXI into the Union if they originate in Russia or are exported from Russia. With regard to the goods listed in Part B of Annex XXI, the prohibitions in paragraph 1 shall not apply to the execution until 8 January 2023 of contracts concluded before 7 October 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts. By way of derogation from paragraphs 1, the competent authorities may authorise the purchase, import or transfer of the goods listed in Annex XXI, or the provision of related technical and financial assistance, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that this is necessary for the establishment, operation, maintenance, fuel supply and retreatment and safety of civil nuclear capabilities, and the continuation of design, construction and commissioning required for the completion of civil nuclear facilities, the supply of precursor material for the production of medical radioisotopes and similar medical applications, or critical technology for environmental radiation monitoring, as well as for civil nuclear cooperation, in particular in the field of research and development. Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 - Article 3i (Council regulation (EU) 2022/576)

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 3301000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:LI(Liechtenstein)CH(Switzerland)NO(Norway)IS(Iceland)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD808If goods bear a reference to organic production in the labelling, advertising material or accompanying documents of products, the declarant must submit a certificate of inspection (C644) at import in accordance with Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (release for free circulation). For products not covered by Regulation (EU) 2018/848, certificate Y929 has to be declared. These provisions shall apply in addition to the rules regarding the use of the Common Health Entry Document (CHED) by the competent authorities at border control posts in accordance with Article 56(3), point (b)(i), of Regulation (EU) 2017/625 and at control points in accordance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2123 and with the rules on decisions on consignments laid down in Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2017/625.

Import control -REACH(1)

inherited from 3300000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1907/062023-02-10

3 certificate(s) required

Y106Particular provisions

Compliance with the REACH restrictions defined in Column 2 of Annex XVII of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y110Particular provisions

Exemption from REACH restrictions by virtue of Article 67(1) and 67(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y113Particular provisions

Substance/mixture not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (Annex XVII)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD730A substance for which Annex XVII contains a restriction shall not be imported unless it complies with the conditions of that restriction. This shall not apply to the manufacture, placing on the market or use of a substance in scientific research and development. Annex XVII shall specify if the restriction shall not apply to product and process orientated research and development, as well as the maximum quantity exempted. The restrictions shall not apply to the use of substances in cosmetic products, as defined by Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products (repealing the Directive 76/768/EEC), with regard to restrictions addressing the risks to human health within the scope of that regulation. (Article 67 points 1 and 2 of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006).

CHM00009REACH - Annex XVII - Entry 9

Start date: 2022-01-01

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

3301294900: The essential oil is deterpenated.

Classification tips

The rose essential oil is not deterpenated.

Typical uses

essential oil

Sample products

Rose essential oil, not deterpenated

Regulatory notes

NENC33013301 12 10 to 3301 19 80

Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes and absolutes; resinoids; extracted oleoresins; concentrates of essential oils in fats, in fixed oils, in waxes or the like, obtained by enfleurage or maceration; terpenic by-products of the deterpenation of essential oils; aqueous distillates and aqueous solutions of essential oils Some constituents of essential oils, by nature, spoil the fragrance and are preferably removed, such as terpenic hydrocarbons (for example, pinene, camphene, limonene). Essential oils may be deterpenated by various methods according to their composition, in particular by fractional distillation in a vacuum, fractional crystallisation by cooling to a low temperature, separation by means of solvents, etc. Essential oils which still retain their terpenic constituents and essential oils which, by their nature, do not contain terpenic constituents (for example, wintergreen oil and mustard oil) are referred to as ‘not deterpenated’. Essential oils of citrus fruit These oils are obtained, almost entirely, from the peel of the fruit. They have a pleasant odour which is similar to that of the fruit used in their preparation. Orange-blossom oils or neroli oil are not regarded as essential oils of citrus fruit and are classified in subheading 3301 29 41 or 3301 29 91 . A deterpenated essential oil is an essential oil where the content of the monoterpenic hydrocarbons has been partially or completely removed.

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

- Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes and absolutes; resinoids; extracted oleoresins; concentrates of essential oils in fats, in fixed oils, in waxes or the like, obtained by enfleurage or maceration; terpenic by- products of the deterpenation of essential oils; aqueous distillates and aqueous solutions of essential oils.

CTSH

tariff_shift

CTSH

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primar y rules and the other

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Of rose (3301294200)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Of rose is 0.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Of rose (3301294200)?

Yes, 43 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Of rose (3301294200)?

Yes, 6 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

What products are classified under code 3301294200?

TARIC code 3301294200 (Of rose) covers the following products: Rose essential oil, not deterpenated, Essential oil of rose, not deterpenated.

How to correctly classify a product under code 3301294200?

The rose essential oil is not deterpenated.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Hierarchy

06Section VI — PRODUCTS OF THE CHEMICAL OR ALLIED INDUSTRIES

3300000000ESSENTIAL OILS AND RESINOIDS; PERFUMERY, COSMETIC OR TOILET PREPARATIONS

3301240000Essential oils other than those of citrus fruit

3301290000Other

3301294200Other

3301294200Not deterpenated

3301294200Of rose

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty0.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

0.000 %

Preferential rates(46)

+36

Preferential rates - 46 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %	—	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	—	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	—	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	—	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	—	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %EEA Agreement	—	EEA Agreement	1
GSP Standard2020 0.000 %Generalised Scheme of Preferences	—	Generalised Scheme of Preferences

Additional duties(3)

inherited from 3301000000

ERGA OMNES

50.000 %1Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

Except:BY(Belarus)RU(Russia)

1 certificate(s) required

Y155Particular provisions50.000 %

Products exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or Belarus

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Belarus

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Russia

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 3300000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Import control(4)

inherited from 3301000000

Belarus

Regulation 0765/062025-02-25

4 certificate(s) required

Y727Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 3)

Y728Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 4)

L152Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 1ra paragraph 10 of Council Regulation (EU) 765/2006

Y870Particular provisions

Import/export not allowed after control

Russia

Regulation 0833/142023-12-19

4 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 3301000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:LI(Liechtenstein)CH(Switzerland)NO(Norway)IS(Iceland)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -REACH(1)

inherited from 3300000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1907/062023-02-10

3 certificate(s) required

Y106Particular provisions

Compliance with the REACH restrictions defined in Column 2 of Annex XVII of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y110Particular provisions

Exemption from REACH restrictions by virtue of Article 67(1) and 67(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

Y113Particular provisions

Substance/mixture not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (Annex XVII)

Import/export not allowed after control

CHM00009REACH - Annex XVII - Entry 9

Start date: 2022-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

3301294900: The essential oil is deterpenated.

Classification tips

The rose essential oil is not deterpenated.

Typical uses

essential oil

Sample products

Rose essential oil, not deterpenated

Regulatory notes

NENC33013301 12 10 to 3301 19 80

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

CTSH

tariff_shift

CTSH

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primar y rules and the other

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Of rose (3301294200)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Of rose is 0.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Of rose (3301294200)?

Yes, 43 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Of rose (3301294200)?

Yes, 6 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

What products are classified under code 3301294200?

TARIC code 3301294200 (Of rose) covers the following products: Rose essential oil, not deterpenated, Essential oil of rose, not deterpenated.

How to correctly classify a product under code 3301294200?

The rose essential oil is not deterpenated.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

1. This chapter does not cover: (a) natural oleoresins or vegetable extracts of heading 1301 or 1302; (b) soap or other products of heading 3401; (c) gum, wood or sulphate turpentine or other products of heading 3805. 2. The expression 'odoriferous substances' in heading 3302 refers only to the substances of heading 3301, to odoriferous constituents isolated from those substances or to synthetic aromatics. 3. Headings 3303 to 3307 apply, inter alia, to products, whether or not mixed (other than aqueous distillates and aqueous solutions of essential oils), suitable for use as goods of these headings and put up in packings of a kind sold by retail for such use. 4. The expression 'perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations' in heading 3307 applies, inter alia, to the following products: scented sachets; odoriferous preparations which operate by burning; perfumed papers and papers impregnated or coated with cosmetics; contact lens or artificial eye solutions; wadding, felt and nonwovens, impregnated, coated or covered with perfume or cosmetics; animal toilet preparations. 5. For the purpose of distinguishing between Chapter 33 and Chapter 34 products: (a) heading 3304 covers skin-care preparations (other than medicaments) including preparations for cleansing the skin and sunscreen or suntan preparations; (b) heading 3305 covers preparations for use on the hair; (c) heading 3307 includes pre-shave, shaving and after-shave preparations, personal deodorants, bath preparations, depilatories and other perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations not elsewhere specified.

Section noteNotes to Section VI — Products of the chemical or allied industries

1. (A) Products (other than radioactive ores) answering to a description in heading 2844 or 2845 are to be classified in those headings and in no other heading of the Nomenclature. (B) Subject to paragraph (A) above, products answering to a description in heading 2843, 2846 or 2852 are to be classified in those headings and in no other heading of this Section. 2. Subject to Note 1 above, products classifiable in heading 3004, 3005, 3006, 3212, 3303, 3304, 3305, 3306, 3307, 3506, 3707 or 3808 by reason of being put up in measured doses or for retail sale are to be classified in those headings and in no other heading of the Nomenclature. 3. Goods put up in sets consisting of two or more separate constituents, some or all of which fall in this Section and are intended to be mixed together to obtain a product of Section VI or VII, are to be classified in the heading appropriate to that product, provided that the constituents are: (a) having regard to the manner in which they are put up, clearly identifiable as being intended for use together without first being repacked; (b) presented together; and (c) identifiable, whether by their nature or by the relative proportions in which they are present, as being complementary one to another.

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

€0

Import €/kg

€481.92/kg

Export €/kg

€714.90/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

6,897

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇹🇷 Turkey	€85.8M	56Kt	€1.5K/kg	82.6%
2	🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates	€6.0M	3Kt	€2.2K/kg	5.8%
3	🇮🇳 India	€3.9M	28Kt	€137.02/kg	3.8%
4	🇲🇦 Morocco	€3.3M	7Kt	€468.34/kg	3.2%
5	🇦🇿 Azerbaijan	€3.0M	463	€6.5K/kg	2.9%
6	🇺🇸 United States	€1.0M	3Kt	€316.80/kg	1.0%
7	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€733K	5Kt	€158.19/kg	0.7%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€24.8M	12Kt	€2.1K/kg	32.6%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€15.9M	16Kt	€975.42/kg	20.9%
3	🇨🇳 China	€14.7M	8Kt	€2.0K/kg	19.4%
4	🇮🇳 India	€11.6M	15Kt	€799.37/kg	15.3%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€9.0M	29Kt	€312.49/kg	11.8%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

€0

Import €/kg

€481.92/kg

Export €/kg

€714.90/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

6,897

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇹🇷 Turkey	€85.8M	56Kt	€1.5K/kg	82.6%
2	🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates	€6.0M	3Kt	€2.2K/kg	5.8%
3	🇮🇳 India	€3.9M	28Kt	€137.02/kg	3.8%
4	🇲🇦 Morocco	€3.3M	7Kt	€468.34/kg	3.2%
5	🇦🇿 Azerbaijan	€3.0M	463	€6.5K/kg	2.9%
6	🇺🇸 United States	€1.0M	3Kt	€316.80/kg	1.0%
7	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€733K	5Kt	€158.19/kg	0.7%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€24.8M	12Kt	€2.1K/kg	32.6%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€15.9M	16Kt	€975.42/kg	20.9%
3	🇨🇳 China	€14.7M	8Kt	€2.0K/kg	19.4%
4	🇮🇳 India	€11.6M	15Kt	€799.37/kg	15.3%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€9.0M	29Kt	€312.49/kg	11.8%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis