Hierarchy

13Section XIII — ARTICLES OF STONE, PLASTER, CEMENT, ASBESTOS, MICA OR SIMILAR MATERIALS

6905000000Roofing tiles, chimney pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods

6905100000Roofing tiles

6905900000Other

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty0.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

0.000 %

Preferential rates(44)

+34

Preferential rates - 44 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %	—	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	—	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	—	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	—	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	—	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %EEA Agreement	—	EEA Agreement	1
GSP+2027 0.000 %GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement	—	GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 6900000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Supplementary unit(1)

ERGA OMNES

NARRegulation 2658/872008-01-01

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

inherited from 6905000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

EU003According to The Special Provisions of Section II (A) (3) of the Preliminary Provisions of the Combined Nomenclature the suspension of customs duties for goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms shall be subject to conditions laid down in the relevant provisions of the European Union with a view to customs control of the use of such goods.

TM5101. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of goods intended for incorporation in the ships, boats or other vessels classified at the following CN codes 8901 10 10; 8901 20 10; 8901 30 10; 8901 90 10; 8902 00 10; 8903 91 10; 8903 92 10; 8904 00 10; 8904 00 91; 8905 10 10; 8905 90 10; 8906 10 00; 8906 90 10 for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for fitting to or equipping such ships, boats or other vessels. 2. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of: (a) goods intended for incorporation in drilling or production platforms: (1) fixed, of subheading ex 8430 49, operating in or outside the territorial sea of Member States, or (2) floating or submersible, of subheading 8905 20, for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for equipping the said platforms. (b) tubes, pipes, cables and their connection pieces, linking these drilling or production platforms to the mainland.

Import control(2)

inherited from 6900000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -waste(1)

inherited from 6900000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1157/242026-05-21

6 certificate(s) required

C672Other certificates

Information document accompanying shipments of waste as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 18 and Annex VII

C669Other certificates

Notification document as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 - Article 5 and Annex IA

Y923Particular provisions

Product not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157

C672Other certificates

Information document accompanying shipments of waste as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 18 and Annex VII

C670Other certificates

Movement document as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 5 and Annex IB

Y923Particular provisions

Product not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157

Import/export not allowed after control

CD572The wastes mentioned in Article 4 (paragraphs 1 and 2) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 shall be subject to the procedure of prior written notification and consent.

CD573The wastes mentioned in Article 4(paragraph 4) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 shall be subjected to the general information requirements laid down in Article 18 of the same Regulation, if the amount of waste shipped exceeds 20 kg.

CD574If the wastes listed in Annex III (green list) display certain hazardous characteristics, the relevant provisions shall apply as if these wastes had been listed in Annex IV (amber list). Article 4 (paragraph 2 letter e) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157.

CD577By way of derogation from Article 4(1) and (2), shipments of waste explicitly destined for laboratory aalysis or experimental treatment trials to assess either the physical or chemical characteristics of the waste or to determine its suitability for recovery or disposal shall be subject to the general information requirements laid down in Article 18 where all of the following conditions are fulfilled: (a) the quantity of waste does not exceed the quantity reasonably needed to perform the analysis or trial in each particular case, but not more than 250 kg or any larger quantity agreed on a case-by- case basis by the competent authorities of dispatch and destination and the person who arranges the shipment; (b) in the event a quantity higher than 250 kg is requested by the person who arranges the shipment, that person shall provide the information contained in Annex VII, to the extent possible, to the competent authorities of dispatch and destination together with the reasoned explanation why such a larger quantity is needed to perform the analysis or trial. Article 4 (paragraph 5) - Regulation (EU) 2024/1157

Restriction on entry into free circulation(4)

inherited from 6900000000

Iraq

—Regulation 1210/032003-05-23

4057Pottery, between 50 and 100 years old, other than those covered by the additional codes 4008, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4023, 4040 - 4048

TM570The following shall be prohibited: a) the import of or the introduction into the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Iraq

—Regulation 1210/032003-05-23

4099Other than those mentioned in Regulation (EC) no 1210/2003 (OJ L 169): no restrictions

Syria

—Regulation 1332/132025-05-29

4057Pottery, between 50 and 100 years old, other than those covered by the additional codes 4008, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4023, 4040 - 4048

TM572It shall be prohibited to import, export, or transfer Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI of Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions. The prohibition shall not apply if it is demonstrated that: (a) the goods were exported from Syria prior to 9 May 2011; or (b) the goods are being safely returned to their legitimate owners in Syria.

Syria

—Regulation 1332/132025-05-29

4098Other than those mentioned in Regulation (EC) no 1332/2013 (OJ L 335): no restrictions

Start date: 1972-01-01

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

6905900000: The goods are other ceramic constructional goods rather than roofing tiles.

Classification tips

The goods are described as roofing tiles.

Typical uses

Roofing

Sample products

Ceramic roofing tiles

Regulatory notes

NENC69051000

Roofing tiles See the HS Explanatory Note to heading 6905 , second paragraph, (1). Roofing tiles can be distinguished from tiles for paving and facing by the fact that they generally have tongues, brackets or other means by which they can be interlocked.

NENC6905Roofing tiles, chimney pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods

Chapter note

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Roofing tiles, chimney-pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods.

CTH

tariff_shift

Roofing tiles, chimney-pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods.

CTH

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primary rules, the country of origin of the goods shall be the country in which the major portion of the materials originated, as determined on the basis of the value of the materials.

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Roofing tiles is 0.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

Yes, 41 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

Yes, 3 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

1 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 6905100000?

TARIC code 6905100000 (Roofing tiles) covers the following products: Ceramic roofing tiles, Roofing tiles of ceramic material.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Hierarchy

13Section XIII — ARTICLES OF STONE, PLASTER, CEMENT, ASBESTOS, MICA OR SIMILAR MATERIALS

6900000000CERAMIC PRODUCTS

6905000000Roofing tiles, chimney pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods

6905100000Roofing tiles

6905900000Other

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty0.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

0.000 %

Preferential rates(44)

+34

Preferential rates - 44 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %	—	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	—	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	—	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	—	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	—	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %EEA Agreement	—	EEA Agreement	1
GSP+2027 0.000 %GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement	—	GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 6900000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Supplementary unit(1)

ERGA OMNES

NARRegulation 2658/872008-01-01

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

inherited from 6905000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

Import control(2)

inherited from 6900000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -waste(1)

inherited from 6900000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 1157/242026-05-21

6 certificate(s) required

C672Other certificates

Information document accompanying shipments of waste as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 18 and Annex VII

C669Other certificates

Notification document as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 - Article 5 and Annex IA

Y923Particular provisions

Product not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157

C672Other certificates

Information document accompanying shipments of waste as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 18 and Annex VII

C670Other certificates

Movement document as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 5 and Annex IB

Y923Particular provisions

Product not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157

Import/export not allowed after control

CD572The wastes mentioned in Article 4 (paragraphs 1 and 2) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 shall be subject to the procedure of prior written notification and consent.

Restriction on entry into free circulation(4)

inherited from 6900000000

Iraq

—Regulation 1210/032003-05-23

4057Pottery, between 50 and 100 years old, other than those covered by the additional codes 4008, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4023, 4040 - 4048

Iraq

—Regulation 1210/032003-05-23

4099Other than those mentioned in Regulation (EC) no 1210/2003 (OJ L 169): no restrictions

Syria

—Regulation 1332/132025-05-29

4057Pottery, between 50 and 100 years old, other than those covered by the additional codes 4008, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4023, 4040 - 4048

Syria

—Regulation 1332/132025-05-29

4098Other than those mentioned in Regulation (EC) no 1332/2013 (OJ L 335): no restrictions

Start date: 1972-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

6905900000: The goods are other ceramic constructional goods rather than roofing tiles.

Classification tips

The goods are described as roofing tiles.

Typical uses

Roofing

Sample products

Ceramic roofing tiles

Associated BTIs

Regulatory notes

NENC69051000

NENC6905Roofing tiles, chimney pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods

Chapter note

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Roofing tiles, chimney-pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods.

CTH

tariff_shift

Roofing tiles, chimney-pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods.

CTH

Residual rule

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Roofing tiles is 0.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

Yes, 41 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

Yes, 3 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

1 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 6905100000?

TARIC code 6905100000 (Roofing tiles) covers the following products: Ceramic roofing tiles, Roofing tiles of ceramic material.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

This chapter covers only ceramic products which have been fired (calcined). It distinguishes between non-refractory ceramic products (headings 6904 to 6914) and refractory goods (headings 6901 to 6903). Refractory ceramic goods are those with a pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) of at least 1500 degrees Celsius for siliceous products and at least 1000 degrees Celsius for other products. The chapter excludes articles of heading 7116 (precious or semi-precious stones), cermets of heading 8113, and articles of Chapter 91 (clocks and watches) or Chapter 97 (works of art). Ceramic products may be glazed, enamelled, decorated or otherwise surface-treated.

Section noteNotes to Section XIII — Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials; Ceramic products; Glass and glassware

This Section does not cover: (a) goods of Chapter 25 (natural stone in the crude state); (b) coated or impregnated paper of heading 4810 or 4811 (Chapter 48); (c) coated, impregnated or covered fabric of Chapter 56 or 59; (d) articles of Chapter 71 (e.g. imitation jewellery); (e) tools or parts of tools of Chapter 82; (f) lithographic stones of heading 8442; (g) electrical insulators (heading 8546) or fittings of insulating material (heading 8547); (h) dental burrs (heading 9018); (ij) articles of Chapter 91 (clock or watch cases); (k) articles of Chapter 94 (furniture, lamps, prefabricated buildings); (l) articles of Chapter 95 (toys, games, sports requisites); (m) articles of heading 9602 or of heading 9606 (buttons) or heading 9614 (smoking pipes). Ceramic products of headings 6904 to 6914 apply only to articles obtained by firing earthy or mineral substances including earthenware, stoneware, porcelain and similar wares.

What are the non-preferential origin rules for Roofing tiles (6905100000)?

Non-preferential origin rules for Roofing tiles are defined in Annex 22-01 of the UCC Delegated Act. These rules determine the country of origin for MFN duty rates, trade policy measures, and origin marking.

Can TARIC code 6905100000 be used on a customs declaration?

Yes, TARIC code 6905100000 (Roofing tiles) is a declarable code. It can be used directly on EU customs import and export declarations (Single Administrative Document).

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

285.8M PST

Exports

€0

712.5M PST

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€0.6777/PST

(€0.2181/kg)

Export €/kg

€0.8996/PST

(€0.3008/kg)

Market concentration (HHI)

7,061

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇽🇸 XS	€159.8M	769.6Mt	€0.2077/kg	83.5%
2	🇲🇰 North Macedonia	€15.4M	87.8Mt	€0.1756/kg	8.0%
3	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€8.1M	11.5Mt	€0.7081/kg	4.2%
4	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€7.1M	12.3Mt	€0.5731/kg	3.7%
5	🇨🇳 China	€938K	466Kt	€2.01/kg	0.5%
6	🇹🇷 Turkey	€156K	275Kt	€0.5671/kg	0.1%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€161.7M	307.4Mt	€0.5261/kg	49.7%
2	🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina	€56.1M	228.5Mt	€0.2454/kg	17.2%
3	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€45.8M	96.8Mt	€0.4725/kg	14.1%
4	🇺🇸 United States	€22.4M	59.7Mt	€0.3745/kg	6.9%
5	🇳🇴 Norway	€20.8M	54.0Mt	€0.3853/kg	6.4%
6	🇦🇱 Albania	€9.6M	56.7Mt	€0.1686/kg	2.9%
7	🇱🇧 Lebanon	€9.3M	45.5Mt	€0.2040/kg	2.9%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

285.8M PST

Exports

€0

712.5M PST

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€0.6777/PST

(€0.2181/kg)

Export €/kg

€0.8996/PST

(€0.3008/kg)

Market concentration (HHI)

7,061

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇽🇸 XS	€159.8M	769.6Mt	€0.2077/kg	83.5%
2	🇲🇰 North Macedonia	€15.4M	87.8Mt	€0.1756/kg	8.0%
3	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€8.1M	11.5Mt	€0.7081/kg	4.2%
4	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€7.1M	12.3Mt	€0.5731/kg	3.7%
5	🇨🇳 China	€938K	466Kt	€2.01/kg	0.5%
6	🇹🇷 Turkey	€156K	275Kt	€0.5671/kg	0.1%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€161.7M	307.4Mt	€0.5261/kg	49.7%
2	🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina	€56.1M	228.5Mt	€0.2454/kg	17.2%
3	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€45.8M	96.8Mt	€0.4725/kg	14.1%
4	🇺🇸 United States	€22.4M	59.7Mt	€0.3745/kg	6.9%
5	🇳🇴 Norway	€20.8M	54.0Mt	€0.3853/kg	6.4%
6	🇦🇱 Albania	€9.6M	56.7Mt	€0.1686/kg	2.9%
7	🇱🇧 Lebanon	€9.3M	45.5Mt	€0.2040/kg	2.9%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis