Hierarchy

13Section XIII — ARTICLES OF STONE, PLASTER, CEMENT, ASBESTOS, MICA OR SIMILAR MATERIALS

7009000000Glass mirrors, whether or not framed, including rear-view mirrors

7009910000Unframed

7009910010Chrome-plated glass mirror with: -a length of 155 mm or more, but not more than 158 mm, -a height of 115 mm or more, but not more than 120 mm, -a blind spot sensor with a blind spot motion detection light module, with an edge luminescence greater than or equal to 5 000 cd/m² and a central luminescence greater than or equal to 7 000 cd/m², -a heater foil, with a resistance of 1,1 kΩ or more, but not more than 1,35 kΩ, designed to be mounted in a housing as an exterior vehicle mirror, for use in the manufacture of car mirrors7009910020Aspherical, convex or flat chrome-plated glass, ready for framing: -with a length of 140 mm or more but not more than 215 mm, -with a height of 104 mm or more but not more than 138 mm, -with curvature radius of 0 mm or more but not more than 1 330 mm, -with a reflectance of more than 40 %, for the manufacture of automotive mirrors 7009910090Other

7009920000Framed

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty4.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

4.000 %

Preferential rates(60)

+50

Preferential rates - 60 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-4.0 pp	-4.0 pp	—	1
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %-4.0 pp	-4.0 pp	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-4.0 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-4.0 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-4.0 ppESA Interim EPA	-4.0 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-4.0 ppSADC EPA	-4.0 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-4.0 pp	-4.0 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-4.0 ppEverything But Arms	-4.0 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-4.0 ppEEA Agreement	-4.0 pp	EEA Agreement	1

Airworthiness tariff suspension(1)

inherited from 7009000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 1517/182018-11-01

1 certificate(s) required

C119Other certificates

Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate

Measure not applicable

CD333The autonomous Common Customs Tariff duties laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 for parts, components and other goods of a kind to be incorporated in or used for aircraft and parts thereof in the course of their manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion is suspended. In order to benefit from the suspension, the declarant shall present to the customs authorities an Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1, as set out in Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, or an equivalent certificate. The certificates which are deemed to be equivalent to Authorised Release Certificates are listed in Annex II to the Regulation (EU) 2018/1517.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 7000000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

EU003According to The Special Provisions of Section II (A) (3) of the Preliminary Provisions of the Combined Nomenclature the suspension of customs duties for goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms shall be subject to conditions laid down in the relevant provisions of the European Union with a view to customs control of the use of such goods.

TM5101. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of goods intended for incorporation in the ships, boats or other vessels classified at the following CN codes 8901 10 10; 8901 20 10; 8901 30 10; 8901 90 10; 8902 00 10; 8903 91 10; 8903 92 10; 8904 00 10; 8904 00 91; 8905 10 10; 8905 90 10; 8906 10 00; 8906 90 10 for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for fitting to or equipping such ships, boats or other vessels. 2. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of: (a) goods intended for incorporation in drilling or production platforms: (1) fixed, of subheading ex 8430 49, operating in or outside the territorial sea of Member States, or (2) floating or submersible, of subheading 8905 20, for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for equipping the said platforms. (b) tubes, pipes, cables and their connection pieces, linking these drilling or production platforms to the mainland.

Import control(4)

inherited from 7009000000

Belarus

Regulation 0765/062026-07-24

5 certificate(s) required

Y727Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 3)

Y728Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 4)

L152Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 1ra paragraph 10 of Council Regulation (EU) 765/2006

Y870Particular provisions

Goods entered the territory of the customs union of the EU and presented to customs authorities prior to the entry into force or to applicability date of the present sanction, whichever is latest (see Article 8f of Regulation (EU) No 765/2006)

Y764Particular provisions

Other conditions

Import/export not allowed after control

CD925It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer into the Union, directly or indirectly, goods which allow Belarus to diversify its sources of revenue, thereby enabling its involvement in the Russian aggression against Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXVII, if they originate in Belarus or are exported from Belarus. Article 1ra - Regulation (EU) 765/2006 (COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) 2024/1865)

Russia

Regulation 0833/142026-07-24

5 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Y681Particular provisions

Presentation of a certificate/licence/document

Import not allowed

CD868It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer, directly or indirectly, goods which generate significant revenues for Russia thereby enabling its actions destabilising the situation in Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXI into the Union if they originate in Russia or are exported from Russia. By way of derogation from paragraphs 1, the competent authorities may authorise the purchase, import or transfer of the goods listed in Annex XXI, or the provision of related technical and financial assistance, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that this is necessary for the establishment, operation, maintenance, fuel supply and retreatment and safety of civil nuclear capabilities, and the continuation of design, construction and commissioning required for the completion of civil nuclear facilities, the supply of precursor material for the production of medical radioisotopes and similar medical applications, or critical technology for environmental radiation monitoring, as well as for civil nuclear cooperation, in particular in the field of research and development. Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 - Article 3i (Council regulation (EU) 2022/576)

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -luxury goods(1)

North Korea

Regulation 2062/172018-02-01

3 certificate(s) required

Y945Particular provisions

Travellers' personal effects or goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

Y946Particular provisions

Goods necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

Y948Particular provisions

Goods other than those described in Annex VIII (Luxury goods) of Reg. (EU) 2017/1509

Import/export not allowed after control

CD203The prohibition shall not apply to travellers' personal effects or to goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

CD223The prohibition shall not apply to goods which are necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509).

CD995If the declared goods are described in the footnotes linked to the measure, export/import is not allowed.

TM684Goods from the list of luxury goods referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509

Start date: 1972-01-01

Regulatory notes

Chapter noteChapter 70 — Glass and glassware

This chapter covers glass in all its forms, including fused quartz and other fused silica, but does not cover goods of heading 3207 (glass frit and other glass in powder, granules or flakes used as ceramic materials), optical elements of Chapter 90, or glass fibres and articles thereof for textile use (Chapter 70 vs Chapter 59 depends on the form). Glass is defined as a product obtained by fusing siliceous materials with fluxes at high temperature, which solidifies into an amorphous state. The chapter includes float glass, drawn glass, blown glass, cast glass, rolled glass, and pressed glass at various levels of working (cutting, polishing, engraving, etc.). Articles of glass combined with other materials are classified according to the General Interpretive Rules.

Section note

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Glass mirrors, whether or not framed, including rear-view mirrors.

CTH

tariff_shift

Glass mirrors, whether or not framed, including rear-view mirrors.

CTH

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primary rules, the country of origin of the goods shall be the country in which the major portion of the materials originated, as determined on the basis of the value of the materials.

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Unframed (7009910000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Unframed is 4.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Unframed (7009910000)?

Yes, 57 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Unframed (7009910000)?

Yes, 5 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Unframed (7009910000)?

39 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What are the non-preferential origin rules for Unframed (7009910000)?

Non-preferential origin rules for Unframed are defined in Annex 22-01 of the UCC Delegated Act. These rules determine the country of origin for MFN duty rates, trade policy measures, and origin marking.

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Hierarchy

13Section XIII — ARTICLES OF STONE, PLASTER, CEMENT, ASBESTOS, MICA OR SIMILAR MATERIALS

7000000000GLASS AND GLASSWARE

7009000000Glass mirrors, whether or not framed, including rear-view mirrors

7009910000Other

7009910000Unframed

7009920000Framed

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty4.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

4.000 %

Preferential rates(60)

+50

Preferential rates - 60 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-4.0 pp	-4.0 pp	—	1
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %-4.0 pp	-4.0 pp	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-4.0 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-4.0 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-4.0 ppESA Interim EPA	-4.0 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-4.0 ppSADC EPA	-4.0 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-4.0 pp	-4.0 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-4.0 ppEverything But Arms	-4.0 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-4.0 ppEEA Agreement	-4.0 pp	EEA Agreement	1

Airworthiness tariff suspension(1)

inherited from 7009000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 1517/182018-11-01

1 certificate(s) required

C119Other certificates

Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate

Measure not applicable

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 7000000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

Import control(4)

inherited from 7009000000

Belarus

Regulation 0765/062026-07-24

5 certificate(s) required

Y727Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 3)

Y728Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 4)

L152Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 1ra paragraph 10 of Council Regulation (EU) 765/2006

Y870Particular provisions

Y764Particular provisions

Other conditions

Import/export not allowed after control

Russia

Regulation 0833/142026-07-24

5 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Y681Particular provisions

Presentation of a certificate/licence/document

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -luxury goods(1)

North Korea

Regulation 2062/172018-02-01

3 certificate(s) required

Y945Particular provisions

Travellers' personal effects or goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

Y946Particular provisions

Y948Particular provisions

Goods other than those described in Annex VIII (Luxury goods) of Reg. (EU) 2017/1509

Import/export not allowed after control

CD995If the declared goods are described in the footnotes linked to the measure, export/import is not allowed.

TM684Goods from the list of luxury goods referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509

Start date: 1972-01-01

Trade Statistics

Associated BTIs

See all BTIs (39)

Regulatory notes

Chapter noteChapter 70 — Glass and glassware

Section note

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Glass mirrors, whether or not framed, including rear-view mirrors.

CTH

tariff_shift

Glass mirrors, whether or not framed, including rear-view mirrors.

CTH

Residual rule

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Unframed (7009910000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Unframed is 4.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Unframed (7009910000)?

Yes, 57 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Unframed (7009910000)?

Yes, 5 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Unframed (7009910000)?

39 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What are the non-preferential origin rules for Unframed (7009910000)?

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

This Section does not cover: (a) goods of Chapter 25 (natural stone in the crude state); (b) coated or impregnated paper of heading 4810 or 4811 (Chapter 48); (c) coated, impregnated or covered fabric of Chapter 56 or 59; (d) articles of Chapter 71 (e.g. imitation jewellery); (e) tools or parts of tools of Chapter 82; (f) lithographic stones of heading 8442; (g) electrical insulators (heading 8546) or fittings of insulating material (heading 8547); (h) dental burrs (heading 9018); (ij) articles of Chapter 91 (clock or watch cases); (k) articles of Chapter 94 (furniture, lamps, prefabricated buildings); (l) articles of Chapter 95 (toys, games, sports requisites); (m) articles of heading 9602 or of heading 9606 (buttons) or heading 9614 (smoking pipes). Ceramic products of headings 6904 to 6914 apply only to articles obtained by firing earthy or mineral substances including earthenware, stoneware, porcelain and similar wares.

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

€0

Import €/kg

€1.62/kg

Export €/kg

€1.73/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

8,412

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇨🇳 China	€594.9M	363.1Mt	€1.64/kg	91.6%
2	🇹🇷 Turkey	€21.9M	22.3Mt	€0.9798/kg	3.4%
3	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€12.0M	2.4Mt	€5.03/kg	1.8%
4	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€11.3M	2.1Mt	€5.35/kg	1.7%
5	🇷🇺 Russia	€9.4M	16.1Mt	€0.5815/kg	1.4%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€71.6M	47.2Mt	€1.52/kg	31.3%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€60.0M	18.1Mt	€3.32/kg	26.2%
3	🇺🇸 United States	€34.9M	4.4Mt	€7.91/kg	15.3%
4	🇺🇦 Ukraine	€31.8M	43.4Mt	€0.7320/kg	13.9%
5	🇿🇦 South Africa	€21.5M	13.8Mt	€1.55/kg	9.4%
6	🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates	€9.1M	6.8Mt	€1.35/kg	4.0%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

€0

Import €/kg

€1.62/kg

Export €/kg

€1.73/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

8,412

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇨🇳 China	€594.9M	363.1Mt	€1.64/kg	91.6%
2	🇹🇷 Turkey	€21.9M	22.3Mt	€0.9798/kg	3.4%
3	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€12.0M	2.4Mt	€5.03/kg	1.8%
4	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€11.3M	2.1Mt	€5.35/kg	1.7%
5	🇷🇺 Russia	€9.4M	16.1Mt	€0.5815/kg	1.4%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€71.6M	47.2Mt	€1.52/kg	31.3%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€60.0M	18.1Mt	€3.32/kg	26.2%
3	🇺🇸 United States	€34.9M	4.4Mt	€7.91/kg	15.3%
4	🇺🇦 Ukraine	€31.8M	43.4Mt	€0.7320/kg	13.9%
5	🇿🇦 South Africa	€21.5M	13.8Mt	€1.55/kg	9.4%
6	🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates	€9.1M	6.8Mt	€1.35/kg	4.0%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis