Overview TARIC Nomenclature Classification Guide BTI EU Classification Rulings CJEU Case Law - Tariff Classification Market Intelligence Origin of Goods Export Control CBAM Calculator EUDR Checker ClassifyAI SH Customs Value Incoterms® 2020

82Chapter

07Heading

50Subheading

50CN

00TARIC

Of cermets

BASE METALS AND ARTICLES OF BASE METAL > TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS, CUTLERY, SPOONS AND FORKS, OF BASE METAL; PARTS THEREOF OF BASE METAL > Interchangeable tools for hand tools, whether or not power-operated, or for machine tools (for example, for pressing, stamping, punching, tapping, threading, drilling, boring, broaching, milling, turning or screw driving), including dies for drawing or extruding metal, and rock-drilling or earth-boring tools > Tools for drilling, other than for rock-drilling > With working part of other materials > Other > For working metal, with working part > Of cermets

Hierarchy

15Section XV — BASE METALS AND ARTICLES OF BASE METAL

8200000000TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS, CUTLERY, SPOONS AND FORKS, OF BASE METAL; PARTS THEREOF OF BASE METAL

8207000000Interchangeable tools for hand tools, whether or not power-operated, or for machine tools (for example, for pressing, stamping, punching, tapping, threading, drilling, boring, broaching, milling, turning or screw driving), including dies for drawing or extruding metal, and rock-drilling or earth-boring tools

8207500000Tools for drilling, other than for rock-drilling

8207503000With working part of other materials

8207505000Other

8207505000For working metal, with working part

8207505000Of cermets

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty2.700 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

2.700 %

Preferential rates(60)

+50

Preferential rates - 60 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-2.7 pp	-2.7 pp	—	1
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %-2.7 pp	-2.7 pp	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-2.7 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-2.7 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-2.7 ppESA Interim EPA	-2.7 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-2.7 ppSADC EPA	-2.7 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-2.7 pp	-2.7 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-2.7 ppEverything But Arms	-2.7 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-2.7 ppEEA Agreement	-2.7 pp	EEA Agreement	1

Airworthiness tariff suspension(1)

inherited from 8207000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 1517/182018-11-01

1 certificate(s) required

C119Other certificates

Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate

Measure not applicable

CD333The autonomous Common Customs Tariff duties laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 for parts, components and other goods of a kind to be incorporated in or used for aircraft and parts thereof in the course of their manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion is suspended. In order to benefit from the suspension, the declarant shall present to the customs authorities an Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1, as set out in Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, or an equivalent certificate. The certificates which are deemed to be equivalent to Authorised Release Certificates are listed in Annex II to the Regulation (EU) 2018/1517.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 8200000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

inherited from 8207500000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

EU003According to The Special Provisions of Section II (A) (3) of the Preliminary Provisions of the Combined Nomenclature the suspension of customs duties for goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms shall be subject to conditions laid down in the relevant provisions of the European Union with a view to customs control of the use of such goods.

TM5101. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of goods intended for incorporation in the ships, boats or other vessels classified at the following CN codes 8901 10 10; 8901 20 10; 8901 30 10; 8901 90 10; 8902 00 10; 8903 91 10; 8903 92 10; 8904 00 10; 8904 00 91; 8905 10 10; 8905 90 10; 8906 10 00; 8906 90 10 for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for fitting to or equipping such ships, boats or other vessels. 2. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of: (a) goods intended for incorporation in drilling or production platforms: (1) fixed, of subheading ex 8430 49, operating in or outside the territorial sea of Member States, or (2) floating or submersible, of subheading 8905 20, for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for equipping the said platforms. (b) tubes, pipes, cables and their connection pieces, linking these drilling or production platforms to the mainland.

Import control(4)

inherited from 8207000000

Belarus

Regulation 0765/062025-02-25

4 certificate(s) required

Y727Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 3)

Y728Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 4)

L152Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 1ra paragraph 10 of Council Regulation (EU) 765/2006

Y870Particular provisions

Goods entered the territory of the customs union of the EU and presented to customs authorities prior to the entry into force or to applicability date of the present sanction, whichever is latest (see Article 8f of Regulation (EU) No 765/2006)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD925It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer into the Union, directly or indirectly, goods which allow Belarus to diversify its sources of revenue, thereby enabling its involvement in the Russian aggression against Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXVII, if they originate in Belarus or are exported from Belarus. Article 1ra - Regulation (EU) 765/2006 (COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) 2024/1865)

Russia

Regulation 0833/142023-12-19

4 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Import not allowed

CD875It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer, directly or indirectly, goods which generate significant revenues for Russia thereby enabling its actions destabilising the situation in Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXI into the Union if they originate in Russia or are exported from Russia. With regard to the goods listed in Part B of Annex XXI, the prohibitions in paragraph 1 shall not apply to the execution until 8 January 2023 of contracts concluded before 7 October 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts. By way of derogation from paragraphs 1, the competent authorities may authorise the purchase, import or transfer of the goods listed in Annex XXI, or the provision of related technical and financial assistance, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that this is necessary for the establishment, operation, maintenance, fuel supply and retreatment and safety of civil nuclear capabilities, and the continuation of design, construction and commissioning required for the completion of civil nuclear facilities, the supply of precursor material for the production of medical radioisotopes and similar medical applications, or critical technology for environmental radiation monitoring, as well as for civil nuclear cooperation, in particular in the field of research and development. Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 - Article 3i (Council regulation (EU) 2022/576)

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Start date: 1972-01-01

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

8207506000: working part of high speed steel
8207507000: working part of other materials

Classification tips

working part of cermet

Typical uses

Drilling tool for working metal

Sample products

Interchangeable drilling tool for working metal, with working part of cermet

Regulatory notes

Chapter noteChapter 82 — Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; Parts thereof of base metal

This chapter covers hand tools, tool tips, knives, cutting blades, cutlery, spoons, forks, and similar articles of base metal. Parts of base metal of such articles are also classified here unless more specifically provided for elsewhere. Note 1 specifies that, apart from blow lamps, portable forges, grinding wheels and manicure/pedicure sets, this chapter covers only articles with a blade, working edge, working surface or other working part of base metal, cermets, precious/semi-precious stones, or abrasive materials. Interchangeable tools for hand tools or machine tools (heading 8207) are classified by the working part material regardless of the body material. Knives and cutting blades of heading 8211 include those with blades of any material.

Section note

Non-preferential origin

specific

Tools for drilling (not rock drilling)

CTH

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Of cermets (8207505000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Of cermets is 2.700 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Of cermets (8207505000)?

Yes, 57 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Of cermets (8207505000)?

Yes, 4 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Of cermets (8207505000)?

27 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 8207505000?

TARIC code 8207505000 (Of cermets) covers the following products: Interchangeable drilling tool for working metal, with working part of cermet, Drill for machine tool, for working metal, working part of cermet.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Hierarchy

15Section XV — BASE METALS AND ARTICLES OF BASE METAL

8200000000TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS, CUTLERY, SPOONS AND FORKS, OF BASE METAL; PARTS THEREOF OF BASE METAL

8207500000Tools for drilling, other than for rock-drilling

8207503000With working part of other materials

8207505000Other

8207505000For working metal, with working part

8207505000Of cermets

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty2.700 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

2.700 %

Preferential rates(60)

+50

Preferential rates - 60 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %-2.7 pp	-2.7 pp	—	1
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %-2.7 pp	-2.7 pp	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %-2.7 ppEU-CARIFORUM EPA	-2.7 pp	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %-2.7 ppESA Interim EPA	-2.7 pp	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %-2.7 ppSADC EPA	-2.7 pp	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %-2.7 pp	-2.7 pp	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %-2.7 ppEverything But Arms	-2.7 pp	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %-2.7 ppEEA Agreement	-2.7 pp	EEA Agreement	1

Airworthiness tariff suspension(1)

inherited from 8207000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 1517/182018-11-01

1 certificate(s) required

C119Other certificates

Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate

Measure not applicable

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 8200000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

inherited from 8207500000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

Import control(4)

inherited from 8207000000

Belarus

Regulation 0765/062025-02-25

4 certificate(s) required

Y727Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 3)

Y728Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 1ra paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1ra paragraph 4)

L152Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 1ra paragraph 10 of Council Regulation (EU) 765/2006

Y870Particular provisions

Import/export not allowed after control

Russia

Regulation 0833/142023-12-19

4 certificate(s) required

L142Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 3i paragraph 3c of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y874Particular provisions

The prohibitions defined in article 3i.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 3i.3aa)

L143Import certificate/licence

Import authorisation by virtue of article 12b.2 of Council Regulation (EU) 833/2014

Y859Particular provisions

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Start date: 1972-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

8207506000: working part of high speed steel
8207507000: working part of other materials

Classification tips

working part of cermet

Typical uses

Drilling tool for working metal

Sample products

Interchangeable drilling tool for working metal, with working part of cermet

Associated BTIs

See all BTIs (27)

CJEU Case Law

C‑336/11

19 Jul 2012

Receveur principal des douanes de Roissy Sud and Others v Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials CMP Europe GmbH and Others

On those grounds, the Court (Eighth Chamber) hereby rules: The Combined Nomenclature in Annex I to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, in the successive versions of the following regulations, amending Annex I to Regulation No 2658/87: Commission Regulations (EC) No 1789/2003 of 11 September 2003; No 1810/2004 of 7 September 2004; No 1719/2005 of 27 October 2005; and No 1549/2006 of 17 October 2006, must be interpreted as meaning that polishing pads intended for a polishing machine for working semiconductor materials — as such coming under tariff heading 8464 (or heading 8486 from 1 January 2007) — imported separately from the machine, in the form of discs perforated in the centre, made up of a hard polyurethane layer, a layer of polyurethane foam, an adhesive layer and a protective plastic film, which do not contain any metal part or any abrasive substance and are used to polish ‘wafers’, in combination with an abrasive liquid, and must be replaced at a frequency determined by their level of wear, come under subheading 3919 90 10, as self-adhesive flat shapes, other than squares or rectangles, made of plastic. [Signatures] ( *1 ) Language of the case: French.

Regulatory notes

Chapter noteChapter 82 — Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; Parts thereof of base metal

Section note

Non-preferential origin

specific

Tools for drilling (not rock drilling)

CTH

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Of cermets (8207505000)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Of cermets is 2.700 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Of cermets (8207505000)?

Yes, 57 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Of cermets (8207505000)?

Yes, 4 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Of cermets (8207505000)?

27 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 8207505000?

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

1. This Section does not cover: (a) prepared paints, inks or other products with a basis of metallic flakes or powder (headings 3207 to 3210, 3212, 3213 or 3215); (b) ferrocerium or other pyrophoric alloys (heading 3606); (c) headgear or parts thereof of heading 6506 or 6507; (d) umbrella frames or other articles of Chapter 66; (e) goods of Chapter 71 (for example, precious metal alloys, base metal clad with precious metal, imitation jewellery); (f) articles of Section XVI (machinery and mechanical appliances, electrical equipment); (g) assembled railway or tramway track (heading 8608) or other articles of Section XVII (vehicles, aircraft, vessels); (h) instruments or apparatus of Section XVIII, including clock or watch springs; (ij) lead shot prepared for ammunition (heading 9306) or other articles of Section XIX (arms and ammunition); (k) articles of Chapter 94 (furniture, lamps, illuminated signs, prefabricated buildings); (l) articles of Chapter 95 (toys, games, sports requisites); (m) hand sieves, buttons, pens, pencils, pen-holders, monopods, bipods, tripods and similar articles or other articles of Chapter 96; (n) articles of Chapter 97 (works of art). 2. Throughout the Nomenclature, the expression 'parts of general use' means: (a) articles of heading 7307, 7312, 7315, 7317 or 7318 and similar articles of other base metal; (b) springs and leaves for springs, of base metal, other than clock or watch springs (heading 9114); (c) articles of headings 8301, 8302, 8308, 8310 and frames and mirrors, of base metal, of heading 8306. In Chapters 73 to 76 and 78 to 82, references to parts of goods do not include references to parts of general use as defined above. 3. Throughout the Nomenclature, the expression 'base metals' means: iron and steel, copper, nickel, aluminium, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten (wolfram), molybdenum, tantalum, magnesium, cobalt, bismuth, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, antimony, manganese, beryllium, chromium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, hafnium (celtium), indium, niobium (columbium), rhenium and thallium. 4. Throughout the Nomenclature, the term 'cermets' means products containing a microscopic heterogeneous combination of a metallic component and a ceramic component, including sintered metal carbides. 5. Classification of alloys (other than ferro-alloys and master alloys as defined in Chapters 72 and 74): alloys of base metals with each other are to be classified as alloys of the metal which predominates by weight over each of the other metals. Alloys of base metals not elsewhere specified or included are to be classified as articles of the metal predominating by weight.

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€228.76/kg

Export €/kg

€458.45/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

3,400

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€237.7M	624Kt	€381.23/kg	45.4%
2	🇨🇳 China	€178.4M	1.2Mt	€145.41/kg	34.1%
3	🇺🇸 United States	€50.7M	138Kt	€366.41/kg	9.7%
4	🇯🇵 Japan	€45.3M	200Kt	€226.32/kg	8.7%
5	🇧🇷 Brazil	€6.8M	34Kt	€201.38/kg	1.3%
6	🇮🇳 India	€4.1M	15Kt	€270.81/kg	0.8%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€379.0M	542Kt	€698.88/kg	47.4%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€208.2M	609Kt	€341.77/kg	26.0%
3	🇨🇳 China	€99.9M	201Kt	€497.39/kg	12.5%
4	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€57.0M	109Kt	€524.65/kg	7.1%
5	🇹🇷 Turkey	€56.2M	117Kt	€479.73/kg	7.0%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€228.76/kg

Export €/kg

€458.45/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

3,400

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€237.7M	624Kt	€381.23/kg	45.4%
2	🇨🇳 China	€178.4M	1.2Mt	€145.41/kg	34.1%
3	🇺🇸 United States	€50.7M	138Kt	€366.41/kg	9.7%
4	🇯🇵 Japan	€45.3M	200Kt	€226.32/kg	8.7%
5	🇧🇷 Brazil	€6.8M	34Kt	€201.38/kg	1.3%
6	🇮🇳 India	€4.1M	15Kt	€270.81/kg	0.8%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€379.0M	542Kt	€698.88/kg	47.4%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€208.2M	609Kt	€341.77/kg	26.0%
3	🇨🇳 China	€99.9M	201Kt	€497.39/kg	12.5%
4	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€57.0M	109Kt	€524.65/kg	7.1%
5	🇹🇷 Turkey	€56.2M	117Kt	€479.73/kg	7.0%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis