MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES > ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES OF SUCH ARTICLES > Electrical machines and apparatus, having individual functions, not specified or included elsewhere in this chapter > Other machines and apparatus > Other
1. For the purposes of subheading 8528 42 and 8528 52, 'capable of directly receiving and processing computer data signals' refers to monitors or projectors which receive digital signals from an automatic data processing machine via a standard connector (for example DVI, HDMI, DisplayPort, USB-C or VGA). 2. For the purposes of subheading 8528 52, 'capable of directly connecting to and designed for use with an automatic data processing machine of heading 8471' includes monitors with a display diagonal not exceeding 71.12 cm (28 inches), or having a pixel resolution of 1 920 x 1 080 or greater and at least one connector of a type typically used with automatic data processing machines (for example DVI, HDMI, DisplayPort, USB-C). 3. Subheading 8528 62 covers only projectors not capable of receiving a broadcast signal. Projectors which can receive and display broadcast television signals fall under subheading 8528 69 or 8528 72.
This chapter does not cover: electrically warmed blankets, bed pads, etc. (heading 6301), glass of heading 7011 or 7014, furniture of Chapter 94, or toys/games of Chapter 95. Note 2 (Parts): Parts suitable for use solely or principally with a particular kind of article are classified with that article; parts equally suitable for two or more articles of this chapter are classified in heading 8538 or 8548. Heading 8523 covers all media for the recording of sound or other phenomena, including unrecorded media, and also covers recorded media such as software, data, sound recordings, and digital content regardless of whether the recording is permanent or temporary. Heading 8542 covers monolithic integrated circuits (MICs), hybrid integrated circuits (HICs), and electronic microassemblies. Printed circuit assemblies consisting of one or more printed circuits of heading 8534 with mounted components are classified in heading 8534 if they do not form a complete article, otherwise they follow the relevant heading for the complete article.
1. This Section does not cover: (a) transmission or conveyor belts or belting of plastics of Chapter 39, or of vulcanised rubber (heading 4010), or other articles of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, for technical uses (heading 4016); (b) articles of leather or of composition leather (heading 4205) or of furskin (heading 4303), of a kind used in machinery or mechanical appliances or for other technical uses; (c) bobbins, spools, cops, cones, cores, reels or similar supports, of any material (for example, Chapter 39, 40, 44 or Section XV); (d) perforated cards for Jacquard or similar machines (for example, Chapter 39 or 48 or Section XV); (e) transmission or conveyor belts or belting of textile material (heading 5910) or other articles of textile material for technical uses (heading 5911); (f) precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) of headings 7102 to 7104, or articles wholly of such stones of heading 7116, except unmounted worked sapphires and diamonds for styli (heading 8522); (g) parts of general use, as defined in Note 2 to Section XV, of base metal (Section XV) or similar goods of plastics (Chapter 39); (h) drill pipe (heading 7304); (ij) endless bands of metal wire or strip (Section XV); (k) articles of Chapter 82 or 83; (l) articles of Section XVII; (m) articles of Chapter 90; (n) clocks, watches or other articles of Chapter 91; (o) interchangeable tools of heading 8207 or brushes of a kind used as parts of machines (heading 9603); similar interchangeable tools are to be classified according to the constituent material of their working part; (p) articles of Chapter 95; (q) typewriter or similar ribbons, whether or not on spools or in cartridges (heading 9612), or monopods, bipods, tripods and similar articles of heading 9620. 2. Subject to Note 1 to this Section, Note 1 to Chapter 84 and Note 1 to Chapter 85, parts of machines (not being parts of the articles of heading 8484, 8544, 8545, 8546 or 8547) are to be classified according to the following rules: (a) parts which are goods included in any of the headings of Chapter 84 or 85 (other than headings 8409, 8431, 8448, 8466, 8473, 8487, 8503, 8522, 8529, 8538 and 8548) are in all cases to be classified in their respective headings; (b) other parts, if suitable for use solely or principally with a particular kind of machine, or with a number of machines of the same heading, are to be classified with the machines of that kind or in heading 8409, 8431, 8448, 8466, 8473, 8503, 8522, 8529 or 8538 as appropriate; however, parts which are equally suitable for use principally with the goods of headings 8517 and 8525 to 8528 are to be classified in heading 8517; (c) all other parts are to be classified in heading 8409, 8431, 8448, 8466, 8473, 8503, 8522, 8529 or 8538 as appropriate or, failing that, in heading 8487 or 8548. 3. Unless the context otherwise requires, composite machines consisting of two or more machines fitted together to form a whole and other machines designed for the purpose of performing two or more complementary or alternative functions are to be classified as if consisting only of that component or as being that machine which performs the principal function. 4. Where a machine (including a combination of machines) consists of individual components (whether separate or interconnected by piping, by transmission devices, by electric cables or by other devices) intended to contribute together to a clearly defined function covered by one of the headings in Chapter 84 or Chapter 85, then the whole is to be classified in the heading appropriate to that function. 5. For the purposes of these Notes, the expression 'machine' means any machine, machinery, plant, equipment, apparatus or appliance cited in the headings of Chapter 84 or 85.
Source: European Commission - CN Explanatory Notes (CNEN) and HS legal notes.
2018/81
The article describes an electric device for skin treatment using laser technology, combining two wavelengths (755 nm and 1064 nm), measuring approximately 104 × 38 × 64 cm and weighing 82 kg. It enables various non-invasive aesthetic procedures such as hair removal, skin rejuvenation, treatment of varicosities, redness, hyperpigmentation, and other benign lesions. Suitable for use in beauty salons as well as medical facilities, it constitutes a multifunctional professional equipment for dermatological and aesthetic care using laser energy. This electric device, designed for skin and hair removal treatments, employs two lasers with different wavelengths (755 nm and 1064 nm). It allows for hair removal, skin rejuvenation, treatment of benign vascular or pigmented lesions, as well as varicosities, and can be used in medical as well as aesthetic contexts. Intended for professional use, it offers a range of advanced aesthetic treatments using laser energy without the need for systematic medical intervention.
2017/1166
This rectangular electrical device (approximately 17 × 14 × 4 cm) is a video converter that transforms an SDI (Serial Digital Interface) video signal into an HDMI signal, with dedicated ports for each format, an RJ-45 connector for Ethernet network connection solely for software updates and powering them (PoE), and a standard power connector. It falls under electrical devices for video signal processing, generally classified in Chapter 85 (heading 8525, 8528, or 8543 depending on the main function), subject to electrical safety requirements, RoHS directives, and potentially REACH regulations depending on the components.
2016/663
Electronic audio mixing console incorporating a preamplifier, sound/effects processors, analog/digital and digital/analog converters, housed in a casing equipped with controls, displays, multiple inputs/outputs (analog, optical, digital, FireWire/USB 2.0 ports), and LED indicators. It can operate autonomously or interface with an automatic information processing machine. Intended for professional music production and processing in studio or live settings, it performs multi-track mixing, amplification, and effects. Classified under digital audio mixing and processing devices; compliant with CE directives (safety, EMC, RoHS, WEEE), with no specific REACH restrictions beyond standard electronic device requirements.
C-58/14
11 Jun 2015Hauptzollamt Hannover v Amazon EU Sàrl
On those grounds, the Court (Seventh Chamber) hereby rules: The Combined Nomenclature in Annex I to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 861/2010 of 5 October 2010, must be interpreted as meaning that a reading device for electronic books which has a translation or dictionary function must, where that function is not its principal function, that being a matter for the national court to ascertain, be classified under subheading 8543 70 90 and not under subheading 8543 70 10. [Signatures] ( *1 ) Language of the case: German.
C‑666/13
20 Nov 2014Rohm Semiconductor GmbH v Hauptzollamt Krefeld
On those grounds, the Court (Eighth Chamber) hereby rules: 1. The Combined Nomenclature in Annex 1 to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1832/2002 of 1 August 2002 must be interpreted as meaning that modules, each consisting of the interconnection of a light emitting diode, a photo-diode and a number of other semiconductor devices, and which may be used as infrared transmitters/receivers where their electricity supply derives from the devices in which they are incorporated, come under CN heading 8543. 2. The Combined Nomenclature in Annex 1 to Regulation No 2658/87, as amended by Regulation No 1832/2002 must be interpreted as meaning that modules such as those at issue in the main proceedings incorporated in devices for the mechanical or electrical functioning of which they are not necessary, do not constitute parts for the purposes of subheading 8543 90 80 of that nomenclature, but do come under subheading 8543 89 95 of that nomenclature, relating to other electrical machines and apparatus having individual functions, not specified or included elsewhere in Chapter 85 of that nomenclature. [Signatures] ( *1 ) Language of the case: German.
C-666/13
20 Nov 2014Rohm Semiconductor GmbH contre Hauptzollamt Krefeld
On those grounds, the Court (Eighth Chamber) hereby rules: 1. The Combined Nomenclature in Annex 1 to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1832/2002 of 1 August 2002 must be interpreted as meaning that modules, each consisting of the interconnection of a light emitting diode, a photo-diode and a number of other semiconductor devices, and which may be used as infrared transmitters/receivers where their electricity supply derives from the devices in which they are incorporated, come under CN heading 8543. 2. The Combined Nomenclature in Annex 1 to Regulation No 2658/87, as amended by Regulation No 1832/2002 must be interpreted as meaning that modules such as those at issue in the main proceedings incorporated in devices for the mechanical or electrical functioning of which they are not necessary, do not constitute parts for the purposes of subheading 8543 90 80 of that nomenclature, but do come under subheading 8543 89 95 of that nomenclature, relating to other electrical machines and apparatus having individual functions, not specified or included elsewhere in Chapter 85 of that nomenclature. [Signatures] ( *1 ) Language of the case: German.
€0
€0
+€0
€61.23/kg
€133.73/kg
3,485
ConcentratedThird-country sourcing partners
| # | Partner | Value (EUR) | kg | €/kg | Share | YoY |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇨🇳 China | €4.5B | 140.7Mt | €32.19/kg | 52.6% | |
| 2 | 🇺🇸 United States | €1.9B | 5.7Mt | €331.05/kg | 22.0% | |
| 3 | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | €1.1B | 9.8Mt | €115.47/kg | 13.2% | |
| 4 | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | €503.1M | 1.4Mt | €353.00/kg | 5.8% | |
| 5 | 🇰🇷 South Korea | €371.1M | 3.5Mt | €106.53/kg | 4.3% | |
| 6 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | €174.0M | 908Kt | €191.69/kg | 2.0% |
Third-country target markets
| # | Partner | Value (EUR) | kg | €/kg | Share | YoY |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇺🇸 United States | €3.1B | 14.2Mt | €214.80/kg | 33.2% | |
| 2 | 🇨🇳 China | €2.5B | 12.5Mt | €198.52/kg | 27.0% | |
| 3 | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | €1.7B | 16.5Mt | €101.37/kg | 18.2% | |
| 4 | 🇯🇵 Japan | €1.1B | 2.7Mt | €387.86/kg | 11.5% | |
| 5 | 🇹🇷 Turkey | €928.0M | 11.2Mt | €82.71/kg | 10.1% |