Hierarchy

04Section IV — PREPARED FOODSTUFFS

1700000000SUGARS AND SUGAR CONFECTIONERY

1701000000Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form

1701910000Other

1701990000Other

1701991000White sugar

1701999000Other

Duties & Measures

Preferential rates(26)

+16

Preferential rates - 26 Origin
Origin	Rate	Trade agreement	Details
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	0.000 %	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	0.000 %	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	0.000 %	SADC EPA
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	0.000 %	Everything But Arms
Andorra 0.000 %EU-Andorra Customs Union	0.000 %	EU-Andorra Customs Union
Côte d’Ivoire 0.000 %EU-Côte d'Ivoire EPA	0.000 %	EU-Côte d'Ivoire EPA
Cameroon 0.000 %EU-Cameroon Interim EPA	0.000 %	EU-Cameroon Interim EPA
Fiji 0.000 %EU-Pacific Interim EPA	0.000 %	EU-Pacific Interim EPA

Additional duties(3)

inherited from 1700000000

ERGA OMNES

50.000 %1Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

Except:RU(Russia)BY(Belarus)

1 certificate(s) required

Y155Particular provisions50.000 %

Products exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or Belarus

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Belarus

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Russia

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 1700000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Non-preferential tariff quota(1)

inherited from 1701000000

India

0.000 %3Regulation 0761/202021-10-01

3 certificate(s) required

L001Import certificate/licence

Import licence AGRIM

U004Proof of origin

Certificate of origin for imports of products subject to special non-preferential import arrangements into the European Union established in accordance with Article 57 of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2447

Y100Particular provisions

Special entries on the import licence AGRIM

Measure not applicable

CD751Eligibility to benefit from this quota shall be subject to the presentation of a certificate of origin meeting the conditions laid down in article 57 of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2447 and an import licence obtained in accordance with the conditions laid down in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/761.

Preferential tariff quota(12)

inherited from 1701990000

Central America2200

0.000 %1Regulation 0924/132026-01-01

EU-Central America Association Agreement(since 2013)

Except:PA(Panama)

6 member countries

CRCosta RicaSVEl SalvadorGTGuatemalaHNHondurasNINicaraguaPAPanama

1 certificate(s) required

E017Export certificate from country of origin

Export certificate issued by the competent authorities of a third country

Measure not applicable

CD834Importations under the tariff-rate quotas shall be subject to the presentation of an export certificate issued by the competent authority of the relevant Republic of the CA Party

Albania

0.000 %2Regulation 0761/202021-10-01

2 certificate(s) required

L001Import certificate/licence

Import licence AGRIM

Y100Particular provisions

Special entries on the import licence AGRIM

Measure not applicable

CD750Eligibility to benefit from this quota is subject to the production of an import licence in accordance with the conditions laid down in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/761.

Supplementary unit (import)(5)

inherited from 1701990000

Central America2200

KGM SRegulation 0924/132013-08-01

EU-Central America Association Agreement(since 2013)

6 member countries

CRCosta RicaSVEl SalvadorGTGuatemalaHNHondurasNINicaraguaPAPanama

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Colombia

KGM SRegulation 0741/132013-10-01

EU-Andean Trade Agreement(since 2013)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Ecuador

KGM SRegulation 0754/172017-01-01

EU-Andean Trade Agreement (Ecuador accession)(since 2017)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Peru

KGM SRegulation 0405/132013-10-01

EU-Andean Trade Agreement(since 2013)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Vietnam

KGM SRegulation 1024/202020-08-01

EU-Vietnam FTA (EVFTA)(since 2020)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Import control(2)

inherited from 1700000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 1700000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:IS(Iceland)NO(Norway)LI(Liechtenstein)CH(Switzerland)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD808If goods bear a reference to organic production in the labelling, advertising material or accompanying documents of products, the declarant must submit a certificate of inspection (C644) at import in accordance with Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (release for free circulation). For products not covered by Regulation (EU) 2018/848, certificate Y929 has to be declared. These provisions shall apply in addition to the rules regarding the use of the Common Health Entry Document (CHED) by the competent authorities at border control posts in accordance with Article 56(3), point (b)(i), of Regulation (EU) 2017/625 and at control points in accordance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2123 and with the rules on decisions on consignments laid down in Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2017/625.

Start date: 1972-01-01

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

1701999000: Other products of subheading 170199 not described as white sugar

Classification tips

Described as white sugar

Sample products

White sugar, solidSucrose, white, solid

Regulatory notes

NENC17019910

White sugar See additional note 3 to this chapter. The white sugars of this subheading are sugars, whether or not refined, which are generally white in colour because of their high sucrose content (99,5 % by weight and over). For the determination of the sucrose content of white sugar in relation to additional note 3 to Chapter 17, the polarimetric method set out in Commission Directive 79/796/EEC, Annex II, method 10, is to be applied (OJ L 239, 22.9.1979, p. 24).

Additional noteAdditional Notes to Chapter 17

1. For the purposes of subheadings 1701 12, 1701 13 and 1701 14, 'raw sugar' means sugar whose content of sucrose by weight, in the dry state, corresponds to a polarimeter reading of less than 99.5 degrees. 2. Subheading 1701 91 covers only sugar, not containing added flavouring or colouring matter, containing in the dry state 99.5 % or more by weight of sucrose, determined by the polarimetric method. 3. For the purposes of subheadings 1702 30 10, 1702 40 10, 1702 60 10 and 1702 90 30, 'isoglucose' means the product obtained from glucose or its polymers with a content of fructose in the dry state of at least 10 % by weight. 4. 'Inulin syrup' (subheading 1702 60 80) means the immediate product obtained by hydrolysis of inulin or oligofructoses, containing in the dry state more than 50 % by weight of fructose in free form or as sucrose. 5. For the purposes of subheadings 1702 30 10, 1702 40 10, 1702 60 10 and 1702 90 30, 'in the dry state' is determined by the refractometric method.

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form

Residual rule

1. For the purposes of this residual rule, "mixing" means the deliberate and proportionally controlled operation consisting in bringing together two or more fungible materials. 2. The origin of a mixture of products of this

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

Are there tariff preferences for White sugar (1701991000)?

Yes, 25 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for White sugar (1701991000)?

Yes, 3 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for White sugar (1701991000)?

24 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 1701991000?

TARIC code 1701991000 (White sugar) covers the following products: White sugar, solid, Sucrose, white, solid.

How to correctly classify a product under code 1701991000?

Described as white sugar

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Hierarchy

04Section IV — PREPARED FOODSTUFFS

1700000000SUGARS AND SUGAR CONFECTIONERY

1701000000Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form

1701910000Other

1701990000Other

1701991000White sugar

1701999000Other

Duties & Measures

Preferential rates(26)

+16

Preferential rates - 26 Origin
Origin	Rate	Trade agreement	Details
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	0.000 %	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	0.000 %	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	0.000 %	SADC EPA
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	0.000 %	Everything But Arms
Andorra 0.000 %EU-Andorra Customs Union	0.000 %	EU-Andorra Customs Union
Côte d’Ivoire 0.000 %EU-Côte d'Ivoire EPA	0.000 %	EU-Côte d'Ivoire EPA
Cameroon 0.000 %EU-Cameroon Interim EPA	0.000 %	EU-Cameroon Interim EPA
Fiji 0.000 %EU-Pacific Interim EPA	0.000 %	EU-Pacific Interim EPA

Additional duties(3)

inherited from 1700000000

ERGA OMNES

50.000 %1Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

Except:RU(Russia)BY(Belarus)

1 certificate(s) required

Y155Particular provisions50.000 %

Products exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or Belarus

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Belarus

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Russia

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 1700000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Non-preferential tariff quota(1)

inherited from 1701000000

India

0.000 %3Regulation 0761/202021-10-01

3 certificate(s) required

L001Import certificate/licence

Import licence AGRIM

U004Proof of origin

Y100Particular provisions

Special entries on the import licence AGRIM

Measure not applicable

Preferential tariff quota(12)

inherited from 1701990000

Central America2200

0.000 %1Regulation 0924/132026-01-01

EU-Central America Association Agreement(since 2013)

Except:PA(Panama)

6 member countries

CRCosta RicaSVEl SalvadorGTGuatemalaHNHondurasNINicaraguaPAPanama

1 certificate(s) required

E017Export certificate from country of origin

Export certificate issued by the competent authorities of a third country

Measure not applicable

CD834Importations under the tariff-rate quotas shall be subject to the presentation of an export certificate issued by the competent authority of the relevant Republic of the CA Party

Albania

0.000 %2Regulation 0761/202021-10-01

2 certificate(s) required

L001Import certificate/licence

Import licence AGRIM

Y100Particular provisions

Special entries on the import licence AGRIM

Measure not applicable

CD750Eligibility to benefit from this quota is subject to the production of an import licence in accordance with the conditions laid down in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/761.

Supplementary unit (import)(5)

inherited from 1701990000

Central America2200

KGM SRegulation 0924/132013-08-01

EU-Central America Association Agreement(since 2013)

6 member countries

CRCosta RicaSVEl SalvadorGTGuatemalaHNHondurasNINicaraguaPAPanama

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Colombia

KGM SRegulation 0741/132013-10-01

EU-Andean Trade Agreement(since 2013)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Ecuador

KGM SRegulation 0754/172017-01-01

EU-Andean Trade Agreement (Ecuador accession)(since 2017)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Peru

KGM SRegulation 0405/132013-10-01

EU-Andean Trade Agreement(since 2013)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Vietnam

KGM SRegulation 1024/202020-08-01

EU-Vietnam FTA (EVFTA)(since 2020)

TM824Raw sugar of the standard quality shall be sugar with a yield in white sugar of 92 per cent.

Import control(2)

inherited from 1700000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 1700000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:IS(Iceland)NO(Norway)LI(Liechtenstein)CH(Switzerland)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

Start date: 1972-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

1701999000: Other products of subheading 170199 not described as white sugar

Classification tips

Described as white sugar

Sample products

White sugar, solidSucrose, white, solid

Associated BTIs

See all BTIs (24)

CJEU Case Law

C-97/19

16 Jul 2020

Pfeifer & Langen GmbH & Co. KG v Hauptzollamt Köln

On those grounds, the Court (Second Chamber) hereby rules: Article 78(3) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 of 12 October 1992 establishing the Community Customs Code must be interpreted as meaning that the customs authorities may grant an application for amendment of a customs declaration seeking to show that there is a relationship of indirect representation between, on the one hand, a person in possession of a power of attorney who has mistakenly indicated that it was acting exclusively in its own name and on its own behalf, even though it has received such a power from the person holding the import licence, and, on the other hand, the person who has granted the power of attorney and on whose behalf the declaration has been made. [Signatures] ( *1 ) Language of the case: German.

Regulatory notes

NENC17019910

Additional noteAdditional Notes to Chapter 17

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form

Residual rule

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

Are there tariff preferences for White sugar (1701991000)?

Yes, 25 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for White sugar (1701991000)?

Yes, 3 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for White sugar (1701991000)?

24 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 1701991000?

TARIC code 1701991000 (White sugar) covers the following products: White sugar, solid, Sucrose, white, solid.

How to correctly classify a product under code 1701991000?

Described as white sugar

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Synonyms

white sugar, white sucrose, solid sugar

Materials

Cane or beet sugar; sucrose

Keywords

white sugar · white sucrose · solid sugar · Cane or beet sugar; sucrose · solid

Chapter noteChapter 17 — Sugars and sugar confectionery

1. This chapter does not cover: (a) sugar confectionery containing cocoa (heading 1806); (b) chemically pure sugars (other than sucrose, lactose, maltose, glucose and fructose) or other products of heading 2940; (c) medicaments or other products of Chapter 30. 2. For the purposes of heading 1701, 'raw sugar' means sugar whose content of sucrose by weight, in the dry state, corresponds to a polarimeter reading of less than 99.5 degrees. Subheading note: For the purposes of subheadings 1701 12, 1701 13 and 1701 14, 'raw sugar' means sugar, not containing added flavouring or colouring matter, whose content of sucrose by weight in the dry state corresponds to a polarimeter reading of less than 99.5 degrees.

Section noteNotes to Section IV — Prepared foodstuffs; Beverages, spirits and vinegar; Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes

1. In this Section the term 'pellets' means products which have been agglomerated either directly by compression or by the addition of a binder in a proportion not exceeding 3 % by weight. 2. The expression 'food preparations' in this Section, unless the context otherwise requires, means preparations classified in headings 1601 to 2106.

What are the non-preferential origin rules for White sugar (1701991000)?

Non-preferential origin rules for White sugar are defined in Annex 22-01 of the UCC Delegated Act. These rules determine the country of origin for MFN duty rates, trade policy measures, and origin marking.

Can TARIC code 1701991000 be used on a customs declaration?

Yes, TARIC code 1701991000 (White sugar) is a declarable code. It can be used directly on EU customs import and export declarations (Single Administrative Document).

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€0.7523/kg

Export €/kg

€0.5978/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

3,385

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇦 Ukraine	€905.1M	1.1Bt	€0.7987/kg	53.2%
2	🇧🇷 Brazil	€240.1M	375.1Mt	€0.6401/kg	14.1%
3	🇲🇺 MU	€199.3M	275.1Mt	€0.7245/kg	11.7%
4	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€193.5M	275.6Mt	€0.7022/kg	11.4%
5	🇨🇴 Colombia	€164.4M	178.3Mt	€0.9220/kg	9.7%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€684.5M	993.8Mt	€0.6887/kg	34.6%
2	🇮🇱 Israel	€628.8M	1.2Bt	€0.5373/kg	31.8%
3	🇳🇴 Norway	€273.9M	354.9Mt	€0.7718/kg	13.8%
4	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€225.5M	302.1Mt	€0.7464/kg	11.4%
5	🇹🇷 Turkey	€112.6M	182.3Mt	€0.6177/kg	5.7%
6	🇹🇳 Tunisia	€53.3M	112.7Mt	€0.4735/kg	2.7%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

Exports

€0

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€0.7523/kg

Export €/kg

€0.5978/kg

Market concentration (HHI)

3,385

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇦 Ukraine	€905.1M	1.1Bt	€0.7987/kg	53.2%
2	🇧🇷 Brazil	€240.1M	375.1Mt	€0.6401/kg	14.1%
3	🇲🇺 MU	€199.3M	275.1Mt	€0.7245/kg	11.7%
4	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€193.5M	275.6Mt	€0.7022/kg	11.4%
5	🇨🇴 Colombia	€164.4M	178.3Mt	€0.9220/kg	9.7%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€684.5M	993.8Mt	€0.6887/kg	34.6%
2	🇮🇱 Israel	€628.8M	1.2Bt	€0.5373/kg	31.8%
3	🇳🇴 Norway	€273.9M	354.9Mt	€0.7718/kg	13.8%
4	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€225.5M	302.1Mt	€0.7464/kg	11.4%
5	🇹🇷 Turkey	€112.6M	182.3Mt	€0.6177/kg	5.7%
6	🇹🇳 Tunisia	€53.3M	112.7Mt	€0.4735/kg	2.7%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis