Overview TARIC Nomenclature Classification Guide BTI EU Classification Rulings CJEU Case Law - Tariff Classification Market Intelligence Origin of Goods Export Control CBAM Calculator EUDR Checker ClassifyAI SH Customs Value Incoterms® 2020

22Chapter

06Heading

00Subheading

31CN

00TARIC

Sparkling

PREPARED FOODSTUFFS > BEVERAGES, SPIRITS AND VINEGAR > Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead, saké); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non-alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included > Other > Sparkling

Hierarchy

04Section IV — PREPARED FOODSTUFFS

2200000000BEVERAGES, SPIRITS AND VINEGAR

2206000000Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead, saké); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non-alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included

2206003100Other

2206003100Sparkling

2206003100Cider and perry 2206003900Other

2206005100Still, in containers holding

Duties & Measures

Preferential rates(51)

+41

Preferential rates - 51 Origin
Origin	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %	—	1
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	Everything But Arms
GSP+2027 0.000 %GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement	GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement
OCTs2080 0.000 %Overseas Association Decision	Overseas Association Decision

Additional duties(3)

inherited from 2200000000

ERGA OMNES

50.000 %1Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

Except:RU(Russia)BY(Belarus)

1 certificate(s) required

Y155Particular provisions50.000 %

Products exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or Belarus

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Belarus

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Russia

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Subheading declaration -physical restrictions(1)

inherited from 2206000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 0952/132021-03-01

0 certificate(s) required

Action 101.500/KGM KGM

Action 100.000/KGM KGM

CD801Declaration under this goods code is only allowed if the threshold values (net weight/supplementary unit) are respected. If not, check the respective figures and correct if necessary. Otherwise, another goods code should be declared.

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 2200000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Supplementary unit(1)

inherited from 2206000000

ERGA OMNES

LTRRegulation 2658/872008-01-01

Import control(2)

inherited from 2200000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 2206000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:NO(Norway)CH(Switzerland)IS(Iceland)LI(Liechtenstein)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD808If goods bear a reference to organic production in the labelling, advertising material or accompanying documents of products, the declarant must submit a certificate of inspection (C644) at import in accordance with Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (release for free circulation). For products not covered by Regulation (EU) 2018/848, certificate Y929 has to be declared. These provisions shall apply in addition to the rules regarding the use of the Common Health Entry Document (CHED) by the competent authorities at border control posts in accordance with Article 56(3), point (b)(i), of Regulation (EU) 2017/625 and at control points in accordance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2123 and with the rules on decisions on consignments laid down in Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2017/625.

Import control -luxury goods(1)

inherited from 2206000000

North Korea

Regulation 2062/172018-02-01

2 certificate(s) required

Y945Particular provisions

Travellers' personal effects or goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

Y946Particular provisions

Goods necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD203The prohibition shall not apply to travellers' personal effects or to goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

CD223The prohibition shall not apply to goods which are necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509).

TM684Goods from the list of luxury goods referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509

Start date: 1994-01-01

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

2206003900: The beverage is not sparkling.

Classification tips

The beverage is sparkling.

Sample products

Sparkling ciderSparkling perry

Regulatory notes

Additional noteAdditional Notes to Chapter 22

1. For the purposes of subheadings 2204 10, 2204 21 and 2204 29, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them: (a) 'actual alcoholic strength by volume' means the number of volumes of pure alcohol contained at a temperature of 20 degrees C in 100 volumes of the product at that temperature; (b) 'potential alcoholic strength by volume' means the number of volumes of pure alcohol at a temperature of 20 degrees C capable of being produced by total fermentation of the sugars contained in 100 volumes of the product at that temperature; (c) 'total alcoholic strength by volume' means the sum of the actual and potential alcoholic strengths; (d) 'natural alcoholic strength by volume' means the total alcoholic strength by volume of a product before any enrichment; (e) '% vol' is the symbol used for alcoholic strength by volume. 2. For the purposes of subheading 2204 30, 'grape must' means the product obtained from fresh grapes, whether or not authorised by the methods admitted for concentrating it, which has an actual alcoholic strength by volume of not more than 1 % vol. 3. For the purposes of subheading 2204 10, the expression 'sparkling wine' means wine which, when kept at a temperature of 20 degrees C in closed containers, has an excess pressure of not less than 3 bar. 4. For the purposes of subheading 2209 00, the expression 'vinegar' means a liquid containing, by volume, more than 1.5 % (in the case of wine vinegar, more than 6 %) of acetic acid.

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non- alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included

CTH

tariff_shift

Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non- alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included

CTH

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

Are there tariff preferences for Sparkling (2206003100)?

Yes, 50 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Sparkling (2206003100)?

Yes, 4 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Sparkling (2206003100)?

37 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 2206003100?

TARIC code 2206003100 (Sparkling) covers the following products: Sparkling cider, Sparkling perry.

How to correctly classify a product under code 2206003100?

The beverage is sparkling.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Hierarchy

04Section IV — PREPARED FOODSTUFFS

2200000000BEVERAGES, SPIRITS AND VINEGAR

2206003100Other

2206003100Sparkling

2206003100Cider and perry 2206003900Other

2206005100Still, in containers holding

Duties & Measures

Preferential rates(51)

+41

Preferential rates - 51 Origin
Origin	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Canada agreement: re-imported goods1006 0.000 %	—	1
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	Everything But Arms
GSP+2027 0.000 %GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement	GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement
OCTs2080 0.000 %Overseas Association Decision	Overseas Association Decision

Additional duties(3)

inherited from 2200000000

ERGA OMNES

50.000 %1Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

Except:RU(Russia)BY(Belarus)

1 certificate(s) required

Y155Particular provisions50.000 %

Products exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or Belarus

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Belarus

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Russia

50.000 %Regulation 1227/252025-07-20

TM01026In case the goods are exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation or from Belarus, the additional customs duty based on Council Regulation (EU) 2025/1227 is applied.

Subheading declaration -physical restrictions(1)

inherited from 2206000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 0952/132021-03-01

0 certificate(s) required

Action 101.500/KGM KGM

Action 100.000/KGM KGM

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 2200000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Supplementary unit(1)

inherited from 2206000000

ERGA OMNES

LTRRegulation 2658/872008-01-01

Import control(2)

inherited from 2200000000

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -organic products(1)

inherited from 2206000000

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 2306/212022-01-01

Except:NO(Norway)CH(Switzerland)IS(Iceland)LI(Liechtenstein)

2 certificate(s) required

C644Other certificates

Certificate of inspection for organic products

Y929Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Import/export not allowed after control

Import control -luxury goods(1)

inherited from 2206000000

North Korea

Regulation 2062/172018-02-01

2 certificate(s) required

Y945Particular provisions

Travellers' personal effects or goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)

Y946Particular provisions

Import/export not allowed after control

TM684Goods from the list of luxury goods referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509

Start date: 1994-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

2206003900: The beverage is not sparkling.

Classification tips

The beverage is sparkling.

Sample products

Sparkling ciderSparkling perry

Associated BTIs

See all BTIs (37)

CJEU Case Law

T-691/24

4 Mar 2026

Agenţia Naţională de Administrare Fiscală (ANAF) and Direcţia Generală de Administrare a Marilor Contribuabili v Heineken România S.A.

Par ces motifs, LE TRIBUNAL (deuxième chambre, siégeant avec cinq juges) dit pour droit : La nomenclature combinée figurant à l’annexe I du règlement (CEE) n o 2658/87 du Conseil, du 23 juillet 1987, relatif à la nomenclature tarifaire et statistique et au tarif douanier commun, tel que modifiée par le règlement d’exécution (UE) n o 1101/2014 de la Commission, du 16 octobre 2014, et le règlement d’exécution (UE) 2015/1754 de la Commission, du 6 octobre 2015, doit être interprétée en ce sens que : relèvent des sous-positions tarifaires 22060031, 22060051 ou 22060081 de ladite nomenclature des boissons composées de jus de pommes fermenté à base de concentré, à un taux de 25 %, d’eau, de sirop de glucose-fructose, d’acide malique, de dioxyde de carbone, de métabisulfite de potassium et de divers arômes, dont la part d’alcool provenant de plantes autres que les pommes se situe entre 48 % et 53 %, mais qui présentent les caractéristiques organoleptiques du cidre et dont la destination correspond à celui‑ci. Półtorak Hesse Steinfatt Petrlík Dimitrakopoulos Ainsi prononcé en audience publique à Luxembourg, le 4 mars 2026. Signatures ( *1 ) Langue de procédure : le roumain.

C-532/14 and C-533/14

12 May 2016

Toorank Productions BV v Staatssecretaris van Financiën

Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 12 May 2016.#Toorank Productions BV v Staatssecretaris van Financiën.#References for a preliminary ruling — Common Customs Tariff — Classification for customs purposes — Combined Nomenclature — Tariff heading 2206 — Tariff heading 2208 — Alcoholic beverages obtained through fermentation followed by purification — Addition of additives to alcoholic beverages obtained through fermentation followed by purification — Beverages which have lost the properties of beverages falling under tariff heading 2206.#Joined Cases C-532/14 and C-533/14.

Regulatory notes

Additional noteAdditional Notes to Chapter 22

Non-preferential origin

tariff_shift

Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non- alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included

CTH

tariff_shift

Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non- alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included

CTH

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

Are there tariff preferences for Sparkling (2206003100)?

Yes, 50 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Sparkling (2206003100)?

Yes, 4 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Sparkling (2206003100)?

37 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 2206003100?

TARIC code 2206003100 (Sparkling) covers the following products: Sparkling cider, Sparkling perry.

How to correctly classify a product under code 2206003100?

The beverage is sparkling.

Help

Need help?

Ask a question about this code or find a tariff classification expert.

Synonyms

sparkling cider, sparkling perry, cider and perry

Keywords

sparkling cider · sparkling perry · cider and perry · fermented beverage · sparkling

1. This chapter does not cover: (a) products of this chapter (other than those of heading 2209) prepared for culinary purposes and thereby rendered unsuitable for consumption as beverages (generally heading 2103); (b) sea water (heading 2501); (c) distilled or conductivity water or water of similar purity (heading 2853); (d) acetic acid of a concentration exceeding 10% by weight of acetic acid (heading 2915); (e) medicaments of heading 3003 or 3004; (f) perfumery or toilet preparations (Chapter 33). 2. For the purposes of this chapter and of Chapters 20 and 21, the 'alcoholic strength by volume' shall be determined at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. 3. For the purposes of heading 2202, the term 'non-alcoholic beverages' means beverages of an alcoholic strength by volume not exceeding 0.5% vol. Alcoholic beverages are classified in headings 2203 to 2206 or heading 2208 as appropriate. 4. For the purposes of heading 2207, 'undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of 80% vol or higher' means alcohol that has not had any denaturing agent added. Heading 2208 covers, inter alia, undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 80% vol and spirits, liqueurs and other spirituous beverages.

Section noteNotes to Section IV — Prepared foodstuffs; Beverages, spirits and vinegar; Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes

1. In this Section the term 'pellets' means products which have been agglomerated either directly by compression or by the addition of a binder in a proportion not exceeding 3 % by weight. 2. The expression 'food preparations' in this Section, unless the context otherwise requires, means preparations classified in headings 1601 to 2106.

What are the non-preferential origin rules for Sparkling (2206003100)?

Non-preferential origin rules for Sparkling are defined in Annex 22-01 of the UCC Delegated Act. These rules determine the country of origin for MFN duty rates, trade policy measures, and origin marking.

Trade Statistics

Imports

€0

2.9M L

Exports

€0

98.8M L

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€1.77/L

(€1.73/kg)

Export €/kg

€1.42/L

(€1.41/kg)

Market concentration (HHI)

6,047

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€3.6M	2.1Mt	€1.70/kg	77.0%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€368K	205Kt	€1.80/kg	7.9%
3	🇹🇹 TT	€236K	98Kt	€2.40/kg	5.1%
4	🇺🇦 Ukraine	€177K	142Kt	€1.24/kg	3.8%
5	🇽🇸 XS	€175K	223Kt	€0.7872/kg	3.8%
6	🇯🇵 Japan	€67K	8Kt	€8.77/kg	1.4%
7	🇨🇦 Canada	€51K	6Kt	€9.27/kg	1.1%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇰🇷 South Korea	€27.4M	25.3Mt	€1.08/kg	27.5%
2	🇷🇺 Russia	€25.1M	14.4Mt	€1.74/kg	25.2%
3	🇳🇴 Norway	€23.7M	23.5Mt	€1.01/kg	23.8%
4	🇨🇳 China	€12.2M	8.5Mt	€1.43/kg	12.2%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€9.3M	5.3Mt	€1.74/kg	9.3%
6	🇯🇵 Japan	€1.9M	673Kt	€2.86/kg	1.9%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis

Imports

€0

2.9M L

Exports

€0

98.8M L

Balance

+€0

Import €/kg

€1.77/L

(€1.73/kg)

Export €/kg

€1.42/L

(€1.41/kg)

Market concentration (HHI)

6,047

Concentrated

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Third-country sourcing partners

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€3.6M	2.1Mt	€1.70/kg	77.0%
2	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€368K	205Kt	€1.80/kg	7.9%
3	🇹🇹 TT	€236K	98Kt	€2.40/kg	5.1%
4	🇺🇦 Ukraine	€177K	142Kt	€1.24/kg	3.8%
5	🇽🇸 XS	€175K	223Kt	€0.7872/kg	3.8%
6	🇯🇵 Japan	€67K	8Kt	€8.77/kg	1.4%
7	🇨🇦 Canada	€51K	6Kt	€9.27/kg	1.1%

Export markets

Third-country target markets

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇰🇷 South Korea	€27.4M	25.3Mt	€1.08/kg	27.5%
2	🇷🇺 Russia	€25.1M	14.4Mt	€1.74/kg	25.2%
3	🇳🇴 Norway	€23.7M	23.5Mt	€1.01/kg	23.8%
4	🇨🇳 China	€12.2M	8.5Mt	€1.43/kg	12.2%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€9.3M	5.3Mt	€1.74/kg	9.3%
6	🇯🇵 Japan	€1.9M	673Kt	€2.86/kg	1.9%

EU Member States

EU ImportersEU Exporters

View full analysis