EU External Trade - INORGANIC CHEMICALS; ORGANIC OR INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF PRECIOUS METALS, OF RARE-EARTH METALS, OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS OR OF ISOTOPES, Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides

Extra-EU sourcing of INORGANIC CHEMICALS; ORGANIC OR INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF PRECIOUS METALS, OF RARE-EARTH METALS, OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS OR OF ISOTOPES, Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides is highly concentrated. 🇨🇳 China captures 76.9% of imports (€104.8M), followed by 🇬🇧 United Kingdom (15.7%). With an HHI of 6185, this Concentrated market exposes the EU to supply dependency risks.

The EU exports INORGANIC CHEMICALS; ORGANIC OR INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF PRECIOUS METALS, OF RARE-EARTH METALS, OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS OR OF ISOTOPES, Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides to 5 extra-EU markets, reflecting solid diversification. 🇺🇸 United States remains the largest client (27.9%, €101.1M), followed by 🇺🇸 United States, 🇰🇷 South Korea, 🇯🇵 Japan.

Within the EU, 🇪🇸 Spain concentrates 46.9% of INORGANIC CHEMICALS; ORGANIC OR INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF PRECIOUS METALS, OF RARE-EARTH METALS, OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS OR OF ISOTOPES, Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides imports, well ahead of 🇳🇱 Netherlands (21.1%). The top importing member states are 🇪🇸 Spain, 🇳🇱 Netherlands, 🇫🇷 France.

The year 2025 marked a turning point: both imports and exports were surging, shifting by 34.4% and 23.8% respectively.