EU External Trade - ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL, Chain and parts thereof, of iron or steel

Extra-EU sourcing of ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL, Chain and parts thereof, of iron or steel is highly concentrated. 🇨🇳 China captures 59.0% of imports (€1.7B), followed by 🇯🇵 Japan (17.4%). With an HHI of 3819, this Concentrated market exposes the EU to supply dependency risks.

The EU exports ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL, Chain and parts thereof, of iron or steel to 10 extra-EU markets, reflecting solid diversification. 🇺🇸 United States remains the largest client (17.9%, €709.7M), followed by 🇺🇸 United States, 🇨🇳 China, 🇬🇧 United Kingdom.

Within the EU, the leading importers of ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL, Chain and parts thereof, of iron or steel are 🇩🇪 Germany, 🇳🇱 Netherlands, 🇫🇷 France. 🇩🇪 Germany accounts for 23.9% of EU imports.

In 2025, trade flows diverged: imports were rising (8.6%) while exports were declining (-9.8%), signalling a structural market shift.