90Chapter

18Heading

90Subheading

84CN

00TARIC

Other

OPTICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC, CINEMATOGRAPHIC, MEASURING, CHECKING, PRECISION, MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS > OPTICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC, CINEMATOGRAPHIC, MEASURING, CHECKING, PRECISION, MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF > Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences, including scintigraphic apparatus, other electromedical apparatus and sight-testing instruments > Other instruments and appliances > Other

Origin

EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007

0.000 %

CARIFORUM1033

0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA

Eastern and Southern Africa States1034

0.000 %ESA Interim EPA

SADC EPA1035

0.000 %SADC EPA

Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000

0.000 %

GSP-EBA2005

0.000 %Everything But Arms

European Economic Area2012

0.000 %EEA Agreement

GSP+2027

0.000 %GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement

Hierarchy

18Section XVIII — OPTICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC, CINEMATOGRAPHIC, MEASURING, CHECKING, PRECISION, MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS

9000000000OPTICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC, CINEMATOGRAPHIC, MEASURING, CHECKING, PRECISION, MEDICAL OR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS; PARTS AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF

9018000000Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences, including scintigraphic apparatus, other electromedical apparatus and sight-testing instruments

9018900000Other instruments and appliances

6 other codes

9018901000Instruments and apparatus for measuring blood-pressure 9018902000Endoscopes 9018903000Renal dialysis equipment (artificial kidneys, kidney machines and dialysers)9018904000Diathermic apparatus 9018905000Transfusion and infusion apparatus 9018906000Anaesthetic apparatus and instruments

9018907500Apparatus for nerve stimulation

9018908400Other

Duties & Measures

Third Country Duty0.000 %

Base rate (erga omnes)

Applies to all third countries without preferential agreement

0.000 %

Preferential rates(44)

+34

Preferential rates - 44 Origin
Origin	Savings	Trade agreement	Details
EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods1007 0.000 %	—	—	2
CARIFORUM1033 0.000 %EU-CARIFORUM EPA	—	EU-CARIFORUM EPA
Eastern and Southern Africa States1034 0.000 %ESA Interim EPA	—	ESA Interim EPA
SADC EPA1035 0.000 %SADC EPA	—	SADC EPA
Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part.2000 0.000 %	—	—
GSP-EBA2005 0.000 %Everything But Arms	—	Everything But Arms
European Economic Area2012 0.000 %EEA Agreement	—	EEA Agreement	1
GSP+2027 0.000 %GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement	—	GSP+ Enhanced Arrangement

Low-value consignment customs duty(2)

inherited from 9000000000

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EURRegulation 0382/262026-07-01

TM01066From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, a customs duty of EUR 3 per item in a consignment the intrinsic value of which does not exceed a total of EUR 150 shall apply instead of the relief eliminated pursuant to Article 1 of this Regulation, where: (a) the importation of the goods is exempt from VAT in accordance with Article 143(1), point (ca), of Directive 2006/112/EC; or (b) the goods are in a postal consignment as defined in Article 1, point (24), of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446.

ERGA OMNES

3.000 EUR4Regulation 0382/262026-11-01

4 certificate(s) required

C127Other certificates

Merchant product identifier

C128Other certificates

Non-standardised manufacturer product identifier

C129Other certificates

Standardised manufacturer product identifier

Y081Particular provisions

No standardised manufacturer product identifier for the declared product exists

Import not allowed

Suspension -ships, vessels & drilling platforms(1)

inherited from 9018000000

ERGA OMNES

0.000 %1Regulation 2658/872016-07-01

1 certificate(s) required

C990Other certificates

End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Measure not applicable

EU003According to The Special Provisions of Section II (A) (3) of the Preliminary Provisions of the Combined Nomenclature the suspension of customs duties for goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms shall be subject to conditions laid down in the relevant provisions of the European Union with a view to customs control of the use of such goods.

TM5101. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of goods intended for incorporation in the ships, boats or other vessels classified at the following CN codes 8901 10 10; 8901 20 10; 8901 30 10; 8901 90 10; 8902 00 10; 8903 91 10; 8903 92 10; 8904 00 10; 8904 00 91; 8905 10 10; 8905 90 10; 8906 10 00; 8906 90 10 for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for fitting to or equipping such ships, boats or other vessels. 2. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of: (a) goods intended for incorporation in drilling or production platforms: (1) fixed, of subheading ex 8430 49, operating in or outside the territorial sea of Member States, or (2) floating or submersible, of subheading 8905 20, for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for equipping the said platforms. (b) tubes, pipes, cables and their connection pieces, linking these drilling or production platforms to the mainland.

Import control(5)

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 0267/122017-04-03

Except:IR(Iran)

3 certificate(s) required

Y949Particular provisions

Goods other than those described in the footnotes linked to the measure (Reg 267/2012)

C067Other certificates

Import authorisation for restricted goods and technologies (Council Regulation (EU) No 267/2012)

Y069Particular provisions

Goods not consigned from Iran

Import/export not allowed after control

CD989If the goods declared are described in footnote "DU" linked to the measure a prior import authorisation must be presented for the import, purchase or transport from Iran of the goods and technology listed in Annex I, whether or not originating in Iran (R267/2012).

DU247Goods 6A005 from the dual use list.

Iran

Regulation 0267/122025-09-30

1 certificate(s) required

Y949Particular provisions

Goods other than those described in the footnotes linked to the measure (Reg 267/2012)

Import/export not allowed after control

DU247Goods 6A005 from the dual use list.

Iran

Regulation 0267/122025-09-30

1 certificate(s) required

Y750Particular provisions

The declared goods are not concerned by Council Regulation (EC) No. 267/2012, Annex II

Import/export not allowed after control

TM01042Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 267/2012 (consolidated version) It shall be prohibited to purchase, import or transport from Iran, directly or indirectly, the goods and technology listed in Annex II whether the item concerned originates in Iran or not.

Ukraine

Regulation 0692/142026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y997Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

Import not allowed

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol. The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or (b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Ukraine

Regulation 0263/222026-06-24

EU-Ukraine DCFTA(since 2016)

3 certificate(s) required

Y984Particular provisions

Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

N954UN/EDIFACT certificate

Movement certificate EUR.1

N864UN/EDIFACT certificate

Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document

Import/export not allowed after control

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77): I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine. The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport; (ii) telecommunications; (iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Import control -fluorinated greenhouse gases(1)

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 0573/242025-06-25

4 certificate(s) required

Y152Particular provisions

Exemption from import prohibition, granted for repair or servicing of existing equipment, according to the second paragraph of Article 11.1 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573

Y986Particular provisions

Exemption from import prohibition according to Article 11.1 and 11.2 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573

Y160Particular provisions

Goods other than those falling under the applicable provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/573

Y169Particular provisions

Products and equipment, including parts (excluding military and repair exemption) listed in Annex IV containing F-gases or relies upon F-gases not subject to prohibition as imposed by Article 11.1. (Reg 2024/573).

Import/export not allowed after control

CD917By virtue of Article 4(6) of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the placing on the market of fluorinated greenhouse gases shall be prohibited, unless importers provide evidence that any trifluoromethane, produced as a by-product during the production process of the fluorinated greenhouse gases has been destroyed or recovered for subsequent use, using best available techniques. By virtue of Article 11.1. of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the placing on the market of products and equipment, including parts thereof, listed in Annex IV, with an exemption for military equipment, shall be prohibited from the date specified in that Annex. By virtue of Article 11.1 sub paragraph 2 (a)(b), (c) of Regulation (I) 2024/573, the placing on the market of parts of products and equipment required for repair and servicing of existing equipment listed in Annex IV shall be allowed. By virtue of Article 11.3. of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the placing on the market of non-refillable containers for fluorinated greenhouse gases listed in Annex I and in Section 1 of Annex II, empty, or fully or partially filled, shall be prohibited. By virtue of Article 11.4 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, undertakings which place on the market refillable containers for fluorinated greenhouse gases shall produce a declaration of conformity that includes evidence confirming that there are binding arrangements in place for the return of those containers for the purpose of refilling, in particular identifying the relevant actors, their obligatory commitments and the relevant logistical arrangements. By virtue of Article 12 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the following products and equipment that contain fluorinated greenhouse gases or whose functioning relies upon those gases shall only be placed on the market if they are labelled as: (a) refrigeration equipment ; (b) air-conditioning equipment ; (c) heat pumps ; (d) fire protection equipment ; (e) electrical switchgear ; (f) aerosol dispenser that contain fluorinated greenhouse gases, including metered dose inhalers; (g) all fluorinated greenhouse gas containers ; (h) fluorinated greenhouse gas-based solvents ; or (i) organic Rankine cycles. By virtue of Article 16 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the placing on the market of hydrofluorocarbons shall be allowed only to the extent that importers have been allocated quota by the Commission as set out in Article 17. By virtue of Article 19.1 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, heat pumps and metered dose inhalers pre-charged with substances listed in Section 1 of Annex I shall not be placed on the market unless those substances with which the products or equipment have been pre-charged are accounted for within the quota system. By virtue of Article 19.2 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the placing on the market of goods falling under the provisions of Article 19.1 shall be subject to the presentation of a declaration of conformity. By virtue of Article 19.6 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, undertakings that placed on the market less than 10 tonnes of CO2 equivalent of hydrofluorocarbons, per year, contained in the products or equipment referred to in Article 19.1 shall be exempted from the provisions of Article 19. By virtue of Article 20.4 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the undertakings shall have a valid registration in the F-gas Portal prior to carrying out any of the activities listed in points (a) to (g). By virtue of Article 23.3 (a) of Regulation (EU) 2024/573, the F-gas Portal registration identification number shall be declared. The information listed in Article 23.3(a) to (d) of Regulation (EU) 2024/573 shall be provided to customs authorities, where relevant, in the customs declaration.

Import control -mercury(1)

All third countries

Regulation 0852/172020-12-31

2 certificate(s) required

Y924Particular provisions

Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2017/852

Y969Particular provisions

Mercury-added products essential for civil protection and military uses; or intended for research, calibration of instrumentation or for use as reference standard (Article 5 (2) of Regulation (EU) 2017/852)

Import/export not allowed after control

CD799The export and import of the mercury-added products set out in Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2017/852 shall be prohibited according to Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2017/852. The prohibition laid down in the first paragraph shall not apply to any of the following mercury-added products: (a) products that are essential for civil protection and military uses; (b) products for research, for calibration of instrumentation, or for use as a reference standard.

Import prohibition -torture goods(1)

ERGA OMNES

Regulation 0125/192019-02-20

Except:XL(XL)XC(XC)

2 certificate(s) required

C064Other certificates

Authorisation for export or import of goods that could be used for torture (Regulation (EU) 2019/125)

Y904Particular provisions

Goods other than those described in the TR footnotes linked to the measure

Import/export not allowed after control

CD990If the declared goods are described in the "TR" footnotes linked to the measure and they are not medical technical goods and they won't be used for the exclusive purpose of public display in a museum in view of their historic significance,export/import is prohibited (Regulation (EU) 2019/125 (OJ L 30).

TR005Automatic drug injection systems designed for the purpose of execution of human beings by the administration of a lethal chemical substance

Restriction on entry into free circulation(4)

inherited from 9000000000

Iraq

—Regulation 1210/032003-05-23

4053Optical, photographic or cinematographic apparatus, between 50 and 100 years old, other than those covered by the additional codes 4008, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4023, 4040 - 4048

TM570The following shall be prohibited: a) the import of or the introduction into the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Iraq

—Regulation 1210/032003-05-23

4099Other than those mentioned in Regulation (EC) no 1210/2003 (OJ L 169): no restrictions

Syria

—Regulation 1332/132025-05-29

4053Optical, photographic or cinematographic apparatus, between 50 and 100 years old, other than those covered by the additional codes 4008, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4023, 4040 - 4048

TM572It shall be prohibited to import, export, or transfer Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI of Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions. The prohibition shall not apply if it is demonstrated that: (a) the goods were exported from Syria prior to 9 May 2011; or (b) the goods are being safely returned to their legitimate owners in Syria.

Syria

—Regulation 1332/132025-05-29

4098Other than those mentioned in Regulation (EC) no 1332/2013 (OJ L 335): no restrictions

Start date: 2011-01-01

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Common misclassifications

9018902000: Endoscope
9018905000: Transfusion or infusion apparatus

Classification tips

Other medical, surgical, dental or veterinary instrument or appliance not described as an endoscope
Other medical, surgical, dental or veterinary instrument or appliance not described as transfusion or infusion apparatus

Sample products

Other medical instrument

Associated BTIs

See all BTIs (776)

Associated Rulings

1038/2014

A set of sterile single-use medical devices intended for coronary angioplasty: - Balloon catheter (plastic tube 142 cm, plastic balloon 6–27 mm/2–5 mm, PTFE and PEBA segments, hydrophilic coating, Luer connection, atraumatic tip, gold markers): used for dilating coronary arteries by compressing atheromatous plaques; - Guiding catheter (curved plastic tube, 100 cm, stainless steel mesh, PEBA/PPA/nylon, silicone lubrication, atraumatic tip, radiopaque marker): provides access to the coronary artery and guides other devices; - Guide wire (biomedical alloy, 0.35 mm diameter, 180–300 cm, PTFE/silicone/hydrophilic coating, rounded tip, 2 radiopaque markers): used for precise positioning of devices within the vascular system; - Manual inflation device (polycarbonate, manometer, volumetric scale 0–20 ml, Luer connector, inflation/deflation up to 20 atm): controls the pressure and volume injected into the balloon during the procedure. These devices are classified as medical-surgical instruments for interventional cardiology, subject to CE marking, strict medical device regulations (sterility, traceability, single-use devices), ISO standards, and REACH/biocompatibility compliance.

241/96

Classification is determined by the provisions of General Rules 1 and 6 for the interpretation of the combined nomenclature and by the wording of CN codes 9018, 9018 90 and 9018 90 84 Documented CN 2026 code: 90189084.

CJEU Case Law

C-631/23

20 Nov 2025

Servoprax GmbH v Hauptzollamt Duisburg

On those grounds, the Court (Sixth Chamber) hereby rules: Subheading 90189084 of the Combined Nomenclature in Annex I to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, as amended by Council Regulation (EC) No 254/2000 of 31 January 2000, in the versions resulting, successively, from Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1821 of 6 October 2016, Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1925 of 12 October 2017 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1602 of 11 October 2018, must be interpreted as meaning that it does not cover tourniquets in the form of elastic straps fitted with a clip closure and a sliding buckle, intended to be placed on the arm of a patient to compress his or her veins in order to block the patient’s blood circulation. [Signatures] ( *1 ) Language of the case: German.

Regulatory notes

NENC90189084

Other This subheading includes: 1. electrical defibrillators for delivering current pulses to restore the natural heart function. With these instruments, which are equipped with a pulse generator and two defibrillation electrodes, the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) signal coming from the electrodes is displayed on a screen or printed out on a built-in printer; 2. medical appliances for blowing gases into the human abdominal cavity in order to make it possible to examine various organs with an endoscope. Attached to these appliances, which are provided with measuring instruments and displays, are two hoses which are connected at their ends to a stopcock and a long needle; 3. medical suction pumps for pumping out secretions, comprising the pump and a suction device and used in operating theatres or in ambulances; 4. contraceptive appliances known as ‘intra-uterine devices (IUDs)’, made of plastics together with copper wire, copper in colloidal form or a hormone insert. This subheading does not cover so-called ‘tourniquets’. These generally consist of a strap and a buckle system. They are used, by tightening the strap, to control the blood circulation to an extremity for a short period. Other kinds of tourniquets may have, for example, a rod for tightening. Due to their simple construction and materials used, they are not similar to instruments and appliances covered by the present subheading although they fulfill a medical purpose (generally, classified according to the constituent material of the strap). See in particular the HS Explanatory Note to heading 9018 , fourth paragraph.

Non-preferential origin

value_added

Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences, including scintigraphic apparatus, other electro-medical apparatus and sight-testing instruments.

CTH; or 45% value added rule

value_added

Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences, including scintigraphic apparatus, other electro-medical apparatus and sight-testing instruments.

CTH; or 45% value added rule

Residual rule

Where the country of origin cannot be determined by application of the primary rules, the country of origin of the goods shall be the country in which the major portion of the materials originated, as determined on the basis of the value of the materials.

Annex 22-01 DA 2015/2446

FAQ

What is the EU customs duty for Other (9018908400)?

The third country duty (erga omnes) for Other is 0.000 %. This rate applies to imports from countries without a preferential trade agreement with the EU.

Are there tariff preferences for Other (9018908400)?

Yes, 41 tariff preferences are available for this code. Preferential rates apply to imports from countries with a trade agreement with the EU.

Are import controls required for Other (9018908400)?

Yes, 7 import control measure(s) apply to this code (e.g. CITES, REACH, sanitary controls, etc.).

How many BTIs (Binding Tariff Information) exist for Other (9018908400)?

776 BTIs have been issued for this TARIC code by EU Member States customs authorities.

What products are classified under code 9018908400?

TARIC code 9018908400 (Other) covers the following products: Other medical instrument, Other surgical appliance.

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#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€13.7B	63.0Mt	€217.09/kg	56.5%
2	🇲🇽 Mexico	€3.6B	20.9Mt	€171.36/kg	14.8%
3	🇨🇳 China	€2.6B	76.4Mt	€34.26/kg	10.8%
4	🇨🇷 CR	€2.2B	11.3Mt	€196.89/kg	9.2%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€1.5B	24.0Mt	€61.46/kg	6.1%
6	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€624.1M	1.7Mt	€366.89/kg	2.6%

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€16.4B	50.1Mt	€326.60/kg	59.0%
2	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€5.3B	44.9Mt	€116.95/kg	19.0%
3	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€2.7B	19.0Mt	€142.21/kg	9.8%
4	🇨🇳 China	€2.0B	10.5Mt	€195.48/kg	7.4%
5	🇯🇵 Japan	€1.4B	7.6Mt	€178.75/kg	4.9%

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€13.7B	63.0Mt	€217.09/kg	56.5%
2	🇲🇽 Mexico	€3.6B	20.9Mt	€171.36/kg	14.8%
3	🇨🇳 China	€2.6B	76.4Mt	€34.26/kg	10.8%
4	🇨🇷 CR	€2.2B	11.3Mt	€196.89/kg	9.2%
5	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€1.5B	24.0Mt	€61.46/kg	6.1%
6	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€624.1M	1.7Mt	€366.89/kg	2.6%

#	Partner	Value (EUR)	kg	€/kg	Share
1	🇺🇸 United States	€16.4B	50.1Mt	€326.60/kg	59.0%
2	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	€5.3B	44.9Mt	€116.95/kg	19.0%
3	🇨🇭 Switzerland	€2.7B	19.0Mt	€142.21/kg	9.8%
4	🇨🇳 China	€2.0B	10.5Mt	€195.48/kg	7.4%
5	🇯🇵 Japan	€1.4B	7.6Mt	€178.75/kg	4.9%

Other

Hierarchy

Duties & Measures

Description & Classification

Regulatory notes

Non-preferential origin

FAQ

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Hierarchy

Duties & Measures

Trade Statistics

Description & Classification

Associated BTIs

Associated Rulings

CJEU Case Law

Regulatory notes

Non-preferential origin

FAQ

Help

Need help?

Associated BTIs

Associated Rulings

CJEU Case Law

Trade Statistics

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Export markets

EU Member States

Trade value (2022–2025)

Import sources

Export markets

EU Member States