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Category 7 - Navigation and Avionics

38 ECN entries

Category 7 controls precision navigation and guidance systems: inertial navigation systems (7A003, gyro drift and accelerometer bias thresholds), anti-jamming GNSS receivers (7A005), flight management systems (7A004), high-precision gyroscopes and accelerometers (7A001). Thresholds target drift (°/h), bias (µg), and angle random walk. Applications: missile guidance, submarine navigation, autonomous drones.

All categories

0Nuclear Materials, Facilities and Equipment 1Special Materials and Related Equipment 2Materials Processing 3Electronics 4Computers 5Telecommunications and 'Information Security'6Sensors and Lasers 7Navigation and Avionics 8Marine 9Aerospace and Propulsion

General Technology Note (GTN)

The export of 'technology' which is 'required' for the 'development', 'production' or 'use' of items controlled in Categories 0 to 9 is controlled according to the provisions in each Category. 'Technology' 'required' for the 'development', 'production' or 'use' of a controlled item remains controlled even when applicable to a non-controlled item. Controls do not apply to that 'technology' which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those items which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised. Controls on 'technology' transfer do not apply to information 'in the public domain', to 'basic scientific research' or to the minimum information necessary for patent applications.

General Software Note (GSN)

The Lists do not control 'software' which is either: 1. Generally available to the public by being: a. Sold from stock at retail selling points, without restriction, by means of: (1) Over-the-counter transactions; (2) Mail order transactions; (3) Electronic transactions; or (4) Telephone call transactions; and b. Designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier; or 2. 'In the public domain'.

Category 7 - Navigation and Avionics

This category covers navigation, airborne and avionic equipment. Key items include inertial navigation systems (INS) and inertial measurement units (IMU). Control thresholds for INS/IMU are based on specific error rates: gyroscope drift rate (bias stability) <0.5°/hour, accelerometer bias stability <130 µg, angle random walk <=0.0035°/√h. GNSS/GPS receivers with anti-jamming or anti-spoofing capabilities may also be controlled. Civil aircraft certified equipment is generally decontrolled.

Catch-All Clause - Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2021/821

Article 4(1): An authorisation shall be required for the export of dual-use items not listed in Annex I if the exporter has been informed by the competent authority that the items in question are or may be intended, in their entirety or in part, for use in connection with: (a) the development, production, handling, operation, maintenance, storage, detection, identification or dissemination of chemical, biological or nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; or (b) the development, production, maintenance or storage of missiles capable of delivering such weapons. Article 4(2): If an exporter is aware that dual-use items which he proposes to export, not listed in Annex I, are intended, in their entirety or in part, for any of the uses referred to in paragraph 1, he must notify the competent authority. That authority shall decide whether or not the export concerned is to be made subject to authorisation. Article 4(3) & (4): Member States may adopt or maintain national legislation imposing an authorisation requirement for WMD-related catch-all and military end-use catch-all.

Cyber-Surveillance Catch-All - Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2021/821

Article 5(1): An authorisation shall be required for the export of cyber-surveillance items not listed in Annex I if the exporter has been informed by the competent authority that the items in question are or may be intended, in their entirety or in part, for use in connection with internal repression and/or the commission of serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. Article 5(2): If an exporter is aware, pursuant to its due diligence findings, that cyber-surveillance items which it proposes to export, not listed in Annex I, are intended, in their entirety or in part, for any of the uses referred to in paragraph 1, he must notify the competent authority. The exporter shall act with due diligence in particular by taking into account the nature of the end-user and the country of destination.

Group A - Systems, equipment and components17

7A001Wassenaar Arrangement6 thresholds

b. Angular or rotational accelerometers, specified to function at linear acceleration levels exceeding 100 g.

7 sub-entries

7A002Wassenaar Arrangement5 thresholds

a. 2. An angular rate range greater than or equal to 500 degrees per second and having any of the following:

8 sub-entries

7A003Wassenaar Arrangement (WA)10 thresholds

Inertial navigation systems and specially designed components, as follows:

11 sub-entries

7A004Wassenaar Arrangement1 thresholds

'Star trackers' and components therefor, as follows:

4 sub-entries

7A005Wassenaar Arrangement

a. Employing a decryption algorithm specially designed or modified for government use to access the ranging code for position and time; or

2 sub-entries

7A006Wassenaar Arrangement

Airborne altimeters operating at frequencies other than 4.2 to 4.4 GHz inclusive and having any of the following:

2 sub-entries

7A007Wassenaar Arrangement

Not used since 2004

7A008Wassenaar Arrangement

Underwater sonar navigation systems using doppler velocity or correlation velocity logs integrated with a heading source and having a positioning "accuracy" of equal to or less (better) than 3% of distance travelled "Circular Error Probable" ("CEP") and specially designed components therefor.

7A101MTCR

Linear accelerometers, other than those specified in 7A001, designed for use in inertial navigation systems or in guidance systems of all types, usable in ‘missiles’, having all of the following characteristics, and specially designed components therefor: a. A "bias""repeatability" of less (better) than 1 250 micro g; and b. A "scale factor""repeatability" of less (better) than 1 250 ppm;

7A102MTCR1 thresholds

All types of gyros, other than those specified in 7A002, usable in ‘missiles’, with a rated "drift rate"‘stability’ of less than 0,5o (1 sigma or rms) per hour in a 1 g environment and specially designed components therefor.

7A103MTCR

Instrumentation, navigation equipment and systems, other than those specified in 7A003, as follows; and specially designed components therefor:

6 sub-entries

7A104MTCR

Gyro-astro compasses and other devices, other than those specified in 7A004, which derive position or orientation by means of automatically tracking celestial bodies or satellites and specially designed components therefor.

7A105MTCR1 thresholds

Receiving equipment for navigation satellite systems, other than those specified in 7A005, having any of the following characteristics, and specially designed components therefor:

5 sub-entries

7A106MTCR

Altimeters, other than those specified in 7A006, of radar or laser radar type, designed or modified for use in space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.

7A115MTCR

Passive sensors for determining bearing to specific electromagnetic source (direction finding equipment) or terrain characteristics, designed or modified for use in space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.

7A116MTCR1 thresholds

Flight control systems and servo valves, as follows; designed or modified for use in space launch vehicles specified in 9A004, sounding rockets specified in 9A104 or "missiles".

3 sub-entries

7A117MTCR

"Guidance sets", usable in "missiles" capable of achieving system accuracy of 3,33 % or less of the range (e.g., a ‘CEP’ of 10 km or less at a range of 300 km).

Group B - Test, inspection and production equipment5

7B001Wassenaar Arrangement

Test, calibration or alignment equipment, specially designed for equipment specified in 7.A.

7B002Wassenaar Arrangement

Equipment specially designed to characterize mirrors for ring "laser" gyros, as follows:

2 sub-entries

7B003Wassenaar Arrangement

Equipment specially designed for the "production" of equipment specified in 7.A.

7B102MTCR

Reflectometers specially designed to characterise mirrors, for "laser" gyros, having a measurement accuracy of 50 ppm or less (better).

7B103MTCR

"Production facilities" and "production equipment" as follows:

2 sub-entries

Group D - Software9

7D001Wassenaar Arrangement

"Software" specially designed or modified for the "development" or "production" of equipment specified in 7.A. or 7.B.

7D002Wassenaar Arrangement

"Source code" for the operation or maintenance of any inertial navigation equipment, including inertial equipment not specified in 7.A.3. or 7.A.4., or Attitude and Heading Reference Systems ('AHRS').

7D003Wassenaar Arrangement

e. Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) "software" specially designed for the "development" of "active flight control systems", helicopter multi-axis fly-by-wire or fly-by-light controllers or helicopter "circulation-controlled anti-torque or circulation-controlled direction control systems", whose "technology" is specified in 7.E.4.b.1., 7.E.4.b.3. to 7.E.4.b.5., 7.E.4.b.7., 7.E.4.b.8., 7.E.4.c.1. or 7.E.4.c.2.

8 sub-entries

7D004Wassenaar Arrangement

"Source code" incorporating "development" "technology" specified in 7.E.4.a.2., 7.E.4.a.3., 7.E.4.a.5., 7.E.4.a.6. or 7.E.4.b., for any of the following:

7 sub-entries

7D005Wassenaar Arrangement

"Software" specially designed to decrypt "satellite navigation system" ranging code designed for government use.

7D101MTCR

"Software" specially designed or modified for the "use" of equipment specified in 7A001 to 7A006, 7A101 to 7A106, 7A115, 7A116.a., 7A116.b., 7B001, 7B002, 7B003, 7B102 or 7B103.

7D102MTCR

Integration "software" as follows:

3 sub-entries

7D103MTCR

"Software" specially designed for modelling or simulation of the "guidance sets" specified in 7A117 or for their design integration with the space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.

7D104MTCR

"Software" specially designed or modified for the operation or maintenance of "guidance sets" specified in 7A117.

Group E - Technology7

7E001Wassenaar Arrangement

"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "development" of equipment or "software", specified in 7.A., 7.B., 7.D.1., 7.D.2., 7.D.3. or 7.D.5.

7E002Wassenaar Arrangement

"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "production" of equipment specified in 7.A. or 7.B.

7E003Wassenaar Arrangement

"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the repair, refurbishing or overhaul of equipment specified in 7.A.1. to 7.A.4.

7E004Wassenaar Arrangement2 thresholds

c. "Technology" for the "development" of helicopter systems, as follows: 1. Multi-axis fly-by-wire or fly-by-light controllers, which combine the functions of at least two of the following into one controlling element:

21 sub-entries

7E101MTCR

"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "use" of equipment specified in 7A001 to 7A006, 7A101 to 7A106, 7A115 to 7A117, 7B001, 7B002, 7B003, 7B102, 7B103, 7D101 to 7D103.

7E102MTCR

"Technology" for protection of avionics and electrical subsystems against electromagnetic pulse (EMP) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) hazards, from external sources, as follows:

3 sub-entries

7E104MTCR

"Technology" for the integration of the flight control, guidance, and propulsion data into a flight management system for optimisation of rocket system trajectory.

Category 7 - Navigation and Avionics

Group A - Systems, equipment and components17

Group B - Test, inspection and production equipment5

Group D - Software9

Group E - Technology7

See also