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Category 8 - Marine

8 ECN entries

Category 8 covers strategic marine technologies: submersibles and underwater vehicles (8A001, depth threshold > 1,000 m), air-independent propulsion systems (AIP), sonar, magnetic detection systems. Controls target operating depth, acoustic stealth, and detection capabilities. Applications: military submarines, exploration ROVs/AUVs, anti-submarine warfare equipment. The category with the fewest entries but among the most strategically sensitive.

All categories

0Nuclear Materials, Facilities and Equipment 1Special Materials and Related Equipment 2Materials Processing 3Electronics 4Computers 5Telecommunications and 'Information Security'6Sensors and Lasers 7Navigation and Avionics 8Marine 9Aerospace and Propulsion

General Technology Note (GTN)

The export of 'technology' which is 'required' for the 'development', 'production' or 'use' of items controlled in Categories 0 to 9 is controlled according to the provisions in each Category. 'Technology' 'required' for the 'development', 'production' or 'use' of a controlled item remains controlled even when applicable to a non-controlled item. Controls do not apply to that 'technology' which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those items which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised. Controls on 'technology' transfer do not apply to information 'in the public domain', to 'basic scientific research' or to the minimum information necessary for patent applications.

General Software Note (GSN)

The Lists do not control 'software' which is either: 1. Generally available to the public by being: a. Sold from stock at retail selling points, without restriction, by means of: (1) Over-the-counter transactions; (2) Mail order transactions; (3) Electronic transactions; or (4) Telephone call transactions; and b. Designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier; or 2. 'In the public domain'.

Category 8 - Marine

This category covers marine vehicles, systems and equipment including underwater vehicles, propulsion systems (especially air-independent propulsion), navigation equipment, and acoustic systems specifically designed for marine use. Submersible vehicles with operating depth or speed exceeding certain thresholds are controlled (e.g. operating depth >1,000 m), as are underwater detection and countermeasure systems, hydrophones, and sonar equipment.

Catch-All Clause - Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2021/821

Article 4(1): An authorisation shall be required for the export of dual-use items not listed in Annex I if the exporter has been informed by the competent authority that the items in question are or may be intended, in their entirety or in part, for use in connection with: (a) the development, production, handling, operation, maintenance, storage, detection, identification or dissemination of chemical, biological or nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; or (b) the development, production, maintenance or storage of missiles capable of delivering such weapons. Article 4(2): If an exporter is aware that dual-use items which he proposes to export, not listed in Annex I, are intended, in their entirety or in part, for any of the uses referred to in paragraph 1, he must notify the competent authority. That authority shall decide whether or not the export concerned is to be made subject to authorisation. Article 4(3) & (4): Member States may adopt or maintain national legislation imposing an authorisation requirement for WMD-related catch-all and military end-use catch-all.

Cyber-Surveillance Catch-All - Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2021/821

Article 5(1): An authorisation shall be required for the export of cyber-surveillance items not listed in Annex I if the exporter has been informed by the competent authority that the items in question are or may be intended, in their entirety or in part, for use in connection with internal repression and/or the commission of serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. Article 5(2): If an exporter is aware, pursuant to its due diligence findings, that cyber-surveillance items which it proposes to export, not listed in Annex I, are intended, in their entirety or in part, for any of the uses referred to in paragraph 1, he must notify the competent authority. The exporter shall act with due diligence in particular by taking into account the nature of the end-user and the country of destination.

Group A - Systems, equipment and components2

8A001Wassenaar Arrangement2 thresholds

f. Not used since 2014

19 sub-entries

8A002Wassenaar Arrangement13 thresholds

o. Propellers, power transmission systems, power generation systems, and noise reduction systems and related equipment, as follows: 1. Not used since 2014 2. Water-screw propeller, power generation systems or transmission systems, designed for use on vessels, as follows:

56 sub-entries

Group B - Test, inspection and production equipment1

8B001Wassenaar Arrangement4 thresholds

Water tunnels designed to have a background noise of less than 100 dB (reference 1 µPa, 1 Hz) within the frequency range exceeding 0 Hz but not exceeding 500 Hz and designed for measuring acoustic fields generated by a hydro-flow around propulsion system models.

Group C - Materials1

8C001Wassenaar Arrangement2 thresholds

'Syntactic foam' designed for underwater use and having all of the following:

2 sub-entries

Group D - Software2

8D001Wassenaar Arrangement

"Software" specially designed or modified for the "development", "production" or "use" of equipment or materials, specified in 8.A., 8.B. or 8.C.

8D002Wassenaar Arrangement

Specific "software" specially designed or modified for the "development", "production", repair, overhaul or refurbishing (re-machining) of propellers specially designed for underwater noise reduction.

Group E - Technology2

8E001Wassenaar Arrangement

"Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "development" or "production" of equipment or materials, specified in 8.A., 8.B. or 8.C.

8E002Wassenaar Arrangement6 thresholds

c. "Technology" according to the General Technology Note for the "development" or "production" of any of the following: 1. Surface-effect vehicles (fully skirted variety) having all of the following: 2. Surface-effect vehicles (rigid sidewalls) with a maximum design speed, fully loaded, exceeding 40 knots in a significant wave height of 3.25 m or more; 3. Hydrofoil vessels with active systems for automatically controlling foil systems, with a maximum design speed, fully loaded, of 40 knots or more in a significant wave height of 3.25 m or more; or 4. 'Small waterplane area vessels' having any of the following:

9 sub-entries

Category 8 - Marine

Group A - Systems, equipment and components2

Group B - Test, inspection and production equipment1

Group C - Materials1

Group D - Software2

Group E - Technology2

See also